192 CERTAIN SAND MOUNDS OF 



was leveled to the base by the kind permission of its owner, J. C. Greely, Esq. Its 

 height was 4 feet 9 inches. Its shape was somewhat elongated and, exclusive of 

 material washed down after cultivation, its length was 75 feet. A few fragmentary 

 human remains were found at different depths, and a great variety of sherds, the 

 majority showing separation by pointed tools, as described in the case of the mound 

 at Racey Point. No features of especial interest were noted. 



Julington Creek, Duval County. 



About 3 miles up Julington Creek on the south side, one mile west of Tar 

 Landing, on the edge of the swamp was a mound 6 feet in height, with base diameter 

 of 46 feet. At its southern margin was a trench several feet in depth, from which 

 at least a portion of the material for the mound had been obtained. The summit 

 plateau had been superficially examined previous to our visit. 



With a force of ten men to dig, the mound was completely demolished within 

 four days. 



It was composed of gray sand with an upper stratum of irregular thickness, 

 somewhat the color of terra-cotta, which analysis showed to be from oxide of iron 

 modified in shade by vegetable matter. 



HUMAN REMAINS. 



The usual bunched method of burial prevailed exclusively, or rather interment 

 after exposure, since in some cases the usual heaps were somewhat modified, the 

 bones being deposited at length, though not in anatomical order. 



Five feet from the surface were human remains with long bones end to end for 

 a space of several feet ; the cranium lay upon a tibia. 



In all, 27 separate deposits of bones were observed (though some escaped us in 

 caved sand), consisting sometimes of but a single cranium unassociated ; of a few 

 long bones without the skull ; of the usual bunched burial ; of the long bones at 

 length, of which mention has been made; and again of masses of bones of many 

 individuals. 



A little east of the center, about 4 feet from the surface, was a large bundle of 

 bones with four crania, while an isolated skull was one foot above. 



Nearly at the center of the base of the mound was a matted mass of bones 5 

 having a maximum thickness of 16 inches. The length of this deposit was 5 - 5 feet, 

 its greatest breadth 4 feet. Bones of all ages and sexes were piled together indis- 

 criminately. 



The almost universal use of fire in connection with the construction of mounds 

 of the St. John's was well illustrated in the case of the mound on Julington Creek. 

 In addition to the usual sprinkling of charcoal throughout the sand, there were at 

 least four fireplaces immediately over deposits of human remains, and these remains 

 gave no evidence of contact with the flames, save in one instance where a tibia 

 slanted upward through the sand into the fireplace. 



