MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBRAL CONVOLUTIONS. 247 



MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBRAL CONVOLUTIONS WITH SPECIAL 

 REFERENCE TO THE ORDER OF PRIMATES. 



By Andrew J. Parker, M. D. 



PREFATORY NOTE. 



The studies upon which the following paper is based were begun by the 

 author, Dr. Andrew J. Parker, in 1877, and a verbal, though unpublished commu- 

 nication embracing the main points of his interpretation of the arrangement of the 

 cerebral convolutions, was made to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 

 in the year following. From time to time Dr. Parker added to and extended his 

 observations and still further elaborated his theories until they assumed the form 

 embodied in the present paper. In 1890 this paper was awarded the Boylston prize 

 by Harvard University. 



The brains upon which these studies were made were derived almost exclu- 

 sively from the garden of the Zoological Society of Philadelphia and were placed 

 at the disposal of Dr. Parker through the generosity of its prosector, Dr. Henry C. 

 Chapman. The original photographs which accompanied the manuscript have been 

 here faithfully reproduced by outline drawings. 



Ill health prevented Dr. Parker from securing the publication of his paper, and 

 this was still further delayed by his death, which occurred in 1892. Subsequently the 

 manuscript came into the possession of the undersigned and was presented by him 

 for publication to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, of which body 

 Dr. Parker had been an active member. The paper was referred by the Publication 

 Committee to Professor Henry C. Chapman and the late Professor John A. Ryder, 

 on whose favorable report its issue in the Journal was authorized. 



F. X. Dercum, M. D. 



The principal object of the present paper is to draw attention to a new view 

 of the morphology of the cerebral convolutions in the Primates, and to point out 

 their general arrangement in that order. An attempt will be made to show that 

 they follow a definite plan and are related to a symmetrical bud growth of the cere- 

 bral hemispheres. It is also hoped, and it will be our endeavor to point out, that 

 the proposed theory will greatly facilitate the study, and throw new light on the 

 proper methods of correlating the excessive convolutional complexity of the human 

 brain, and thus aid those who examine the subject from a purely practical stand- 

 point. 



Until within comparatively recent times, the study of the cerebral convolutions 

 31 journ. a. n. s. phila., vol. x. 



