388 CRANIA FROM THE MOUNDS OF FLORIDA. 



The skull with its small glabella would appear to be a female, but the temporal 

 ridge is well developed, and the marginal process of the malar bone large. The 

 styloid process is also nearly embraced by the tympanic bone. The post torus 

 is very large. A small parieto-occipital process is seen on the left side ; the right 

 side at the same place is mutilated. The serpiginous part of the ecto-petrosal portion 

 of the temporal is conspicuous. 



557 9 , Pawnee, Columbia University. Aged 35 years, — artificially deformed. 



Glabella and supra-orbital ridge almost nil. — Nasal bone long, 26 mm.; frontal 

 portion 3 mm.; maxillary portion 20 mm.; premaxillary portion 3 mm. — Nasal 

 vestibule microlophic ; incisor eminence none, very high trenchant alveolar ridges, 

 nasal spines double. — Hard palate hyperbolic. — Alveolar process 11 mm. high. — 

 Choanse with base much wider than apex. — Spinous process small, not overlapping 

 sphenoiclo-tympanic suture. — Foramen lacerum medium closed laterally. — Temporal 

 crest faintly marked, but interrupted at stephanion. A Wormian bone in left 

 stephanion. A right K-suture. Two epactal bones on the left side. Mortise sym- 

 metrical. — Malar bone small, weak ; rudimental marginal process ; suture-trace 

 evident on inner side. — Lachfy mo-plan al suture small, 7 mm. — Rudimental bulla 

 ethmoidalis on both sides. — Sconce 110 mm. wide. 



Lower Jaw. Condyloid process without angulation. Mental foramen on line 

 of second premolar. Teeth much decayed, many lost and point to modern 

 influence, as also do the deep canine fossae. — Skull rests on opisthion ; two curves 

 present, — one from opisthion to inion, one from inion to intertubera. 



The skull is remarkable for the modern character of the external nose and 

 palate, the presence of a Wormian bone at stephanion and K-suture on the right 

 side, and two epactal bones (one of them indeed a fronto-sphenoidal), and the lamb- 

 doidal suture maintaining its serrate character to the asterion notwithstanding the 

 well marked temporal ridges. The lower jaw is weak and the condyloid process 

 without facets. 



556 $ , Pawnee, Columbia University. Aged 60 years, — eurycephalic. 



Glabella and supra-orbital ridge well marked, 4 mm.; supra-orbital margin, 

 50°; frontal portion of nasal bones 3 mm. — Nasal vestibule microkrphic ; incisor 

 crest high. Nasal spine prominent ; high trenchant alveolar line ; high alveolus 

 18 mm. — Hard palate parabolic. — Choanal large, paedomorphic. — Spinous process 

 enormous, overlapping sphenoido-tympanic suture. Foramen lacerum medium 

 closed. — Malar bone with large marginal process ; . extends in spheno-maxillary 

 fissure ; no suture-trace. — Lachrymal bone with large pre-dacyral surface. — Sconce, 

 108 mm. 



Lower Jaw. Condyloid process worn on lateral third, and median two-thirds 

 not inclined downward. Coronoid process not concealing third molar. Genial spine 

 enormous. Genial crest nil, but foramen in its site. Mental foramen opposite 

 second premolar. Skull platybasic. 



