CRANIA FROM THE MOUNDS OF FLORIDA. 



403 



III. — Metopism. 



The fact that specimen No. 1,781 presents a persistent interfrontal suture leads 

 to a comparison with other specimens of skulls of North American Indians showing 

 a like peculiarity. Authorities agree that this suture is extremely rare in the skulls 

 of modern savages. Rolleston (British Barrows, 1877, 694) refers to the examples 

 known to him at this time, one of an Andaman Islander (Wood Mason), one of an 

 Abyssinian (Zuckerkandl), one from an ancient burial place in Eastern Tennessee 

 (Busk). From among four hundred and sixteen North American crania examined 

 by myself, but three examples (No. 929 Arickaree, No. 730 Seminole, No. 1,264 

 Lenape) retained the suture, 1 and in all the specimens no artificial deformation 

 existed. 2 



In marked contrast with the above the suture is much more common in the 

 criminal of modern Europe. Ferraz (Arch. d. Psichi. e d'Anthrop. criminale, Torino, 

 1889) claims that in criminals the persistent interfrontal suture is found in 11 per 

 cent of the males and in 9 per cent of the females ; yet Ottolenghi and Roncoroni 

 found in one hundred autopsies of criminals the open suture twice only. Lombroso 

 and Ferrero (Das Weib, 286) found in sixty-six female criminals the open frontal 

 suture in twelve instances. According to Corre the character appears in brachy- 

 cephaly, and may be regarded as indicating inferiority of grade. 



Measurements, Table No. 14. 

















Transverse 











Transverse 



Longitudinal 



S3 5 











~; 













— • 





Diameters of 









CD 



Arcs. 



Arcs. 



(j u 











bt 













_-g 



_d 



Cranium. 









3 







iS s 











CD 





g 



s 





O 



'3 



« 

 o 



'8 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 >> 



o 1 



o 

 o 

 o 

 c 



% 

 "3 

 "So 



y 



B 



bo 

 CD 



.3 



'w 



CB 



"3 

 5 



o 



_£ 



3 



43 



£ 



_ a 



T3 



CD 



4^ 



'5 



w 



£ 

 bo 



5 



S 

 "3 





_o 















43 



be 

 S3 

 CB 



"3 



43 



be 



P 

 © 

 1-1 



"3 



en 



CS 



B 



a 



CD 

 (-1 



CD 



cS 



"o 



CD 



'cc 





o 







4J 



so 



bo 



4^" 



bo 



_s 



£ 



3 



5 a 



O 



o 

 M 



15 



c 



"3 

 4- 

 a 



cS 



s 



CD 



'3 



S 



o 



cS 





-t- 



ED 



cS 

 P. 



,0 



3 



> 

 "3 



C 



en 



O 





4^ 

 O 







\1 



3 



CD 



a 



5 



i 



o 



o 



s 







a 



h- 1 



3 



<5 



s 

 w 



a 



CB 





p 



3 



Ph 



o 

 O 





cfl 

 c3 



in 



M 



en 



104 



106 



p1 



Santa Bai 



bara, 1,818 



S 



1410175 



176 



133 



91 



105415 



133« 



76 



76 







500 



294 296 







120130 



120 



32-27 



98 96 



93 







1,823 



S 



1530185 



185140 



93 



110 



120 135jj 



73 



76 



130 



520 



300 



325 







124120 



140 35 27 



100 93 



103 



103 



90 







1,822 



9 



1248 173 176,127 



85 



99 



115|l26p 

 120131/j 

 . 0130 



73 



73 



118 



490 



270 



280 



270 



110J125 



110|37j30 



95 1 90 



98 



103 



92 







1,826 



S 



1280170 



170128 



91 



107 



77 



75 



120 



490 



284 



290 



o 



118120 



115,30;30,100; 91 



98 



98 



93 







1,817 



s 



1150167 



167 



124 



90 



103 



78 



74 



123 



490 



280 



285 



250 



130100 



113 35 ! 28 



93' 83 



89 



96 



93 







1,825 



s 



1350 



176 178 



130 



95 



113 



12l!l38^ 

 132p 



78 



74 



129 



510 300 



305 



275 



130120 



12032 ! 30 



96 95 



104 



106 



91 







1,815 



9 



1275 



0168 



125 



89 



101 















490 



280 



2S3 







118110 



120 35 25 



91180 



91 



100 



88 







1,819 



S 



1315 



166;166 



135 



95 



104 



124:135^ 

 123132p 



81 



81 



125 



485 



295 



300 







120 



120 



110 34 27 



96 85 



99 



103 



86 







1,824 



s 



1425 



177,177 



132 



100 







75 



75 



126 



510 



300 



305 







120 



115 



125(3630 



96.87 



94 



98 



93 







1,816 



9 



1265 



173174 



126 



85 



102 



100 







73 



118 



























0,33127 



97i 90 



103 



106 



87 







1,820 



9 



1380170170 







93 



105 



120il31p 



77 











486 



273 



280 



275 



120115 



10033J30 



100 91 



90 



90 



101 







1,821 



$ 



1445171172 



133 



97 

 92 



107 



105 



128435^ 



79 



78 



133 



515 



295 



310 







120120 



108; 



3730 



101- 93 



103 



,02 



91 





Aver. 





1339173 



173 



130 



118,133 



77 



74 



125 



499 



288 



296 267 



i 



121118 



116 



34 



29 



97 



89 



98 



101 



91 



p Bi-parietal. 



1 L. Carr (TJ. S. Geological Survey, Wheeler, 1879, 283) found the suture iu two per cent 

 of Santa Barbara crania. 



- In view of the rarity of the interfrontal suture in N. A. Indians, it is interesting to note that 

 an example is figured in one of the earliest contributions to craniology, namely Blumenbach's Decades, 

 PI. IX, where the specimen is named Indi-Americse septentrionalis. 



