470 CERTAIN RIVER MOUNDS OF DUVAL COUNTY, FLORIDA. 



A chisel or gouge, of shell, found alone, had two incised parallel grooves 

 extending the length of one side (Fig. 23). 



In the central portion of the mound, about 6 feet from the surface, with human 

 remains, including a tibia of considerable pathological interest, 1 were : five arrow 

 heads of chert ; two chisels neatly wrought from the lip of Strombus ; one Fulgur; 

 bits of sandstone ; various fragmentary portions from columellae of marine univalves, 

 showing grooves, probably the initial step in the manufacture of some ornament. 



Near the base, with human remains, were a piercing implement of bone, the 

 articular portion remaining ; a bit of coquina ; part of a cannon bone of a deer, 

 a fragment of buck-horn, and a considerable number of marine mussel shells. 



In various other parts of the mound, curious collections, somewhat similar 

 to those described, were met with. With one lot was a small chisel of stone, 

 polished at one end and roughened at the other. 



Nothing in any way indicating intercourse with the Whites was discovered in 

 the Gilbert mound. 



Monroe Mound. 



The Monroe mound lay about one quarter of a mile southeast of the Grant 

 mound (see map), in a peach orchard, the property of Mr. George J. Monroe, of 

 Joliet, Illinois. Its height had been reduced by cultivation. Its shape was some- 

 what irregular. Its length was about 63 feet ; its breadth about 5 feet less. At 

 the center of the broader portion, the maximum height of the mound was 3 feet 



2 inches. A deep depression on the west showed whence the material of the 

 mound had been derived. 



There had been no previous investigation. 



The mound was completely destroyed, being dug through at a depth of about 



3 feet below the level of the surrounding territory. 



It was evident that the mound had been constructed in the following manner. 

 First, a fire was built on the surface, possibly to destroy the underbrush. Next, a 

 pit of the area of the intended mound was dug to a depth of about 3 feet. In a 

 central portion of this pit was made a deposit of human remains with certain arti- 

 facts to be described later. Then the pit was filled with the sand previously 

 thrown out, through which was plentifully mingled charcoal from the surface fire. 

 During the process of filling, various relics, but no human remains, were deposited, 

 and covered by the sand. When the pit was filled to the general level, a great fire 

 was made over its entire area as was evidenced by a well marked stratum of sand 

 discolored by fire and containing particles of charcoal, extending entirely through 

 the mound at the level of the surrounding territory. Upon this the mound proper 

 was constructed and various bunched burials and art relics introduced. 



In all, human remains were encountered eleven times, once at the base of the 

 pit, the remainder in the body of the mound. The burials were of the bunched 

 variety, but small portions remaining. 



1 Sent to the United States Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C. 



