480 CERTAIN RIVER MOUNDS OF DUVAL COUNTY, FLORIDA. 



beneath the rim. We have never before seen this proceeding and are at a loss to 

 account for its motive. 



Another bowl, with the usual small perforations beneath the margin on either 

 side, has, about one inch below the rim in the other two sides, holes about three- 

 quarters of an inch in diameter, carefully cut. 



A number of other vessels from the Grant mound, though of considerable 

 interest, will not be particularly described here, since, to a certain extent, they 

 resemble vessels from other mounds referred to, and figured in, our previous reports. 



Sherds were of infrequent occurrence in the Grant mound. Some bore the 

 usual stamped squares and diamonds, but in one instance only was there brought to 

 our notice the complicated stamp of such frequent occurrence in many low neigh- 

 boring mounds. 



But two tobacco pipes of earthenware were recovered. The larger, with length 

 of stem 2.8 inches, height of bowl 3 inches, orifice of bowl 1.7 inches by 2.8 inches, 

 had, when found, a small ornament of sheet copper fastened beneath the margin 

 of the orifice, facing the smoker, by an encircling cord which crumbled into dust 

 (Fig. 28). 



A somewhat smaller tobacco pipe of ordinary type came from a depth of 6 

 feet, with human remains and many associated objects. 



A large bead or pendant, of earthenware, was of equal proportions in height 

 and in length, 2.3 inches (Fig. 29). 



STONE. 



Hatchets or "celts." — In all, 117 hatchets, or "celts," were taken by us from 

 the Grant mound during the second investigation. Their material has not been 

 separately determined, the majority, however, being from rocks of igneous origin, 

 while an occasional sedimentary or metamorphic rock is represented. None of 

 these rocks are found in Florida. 



Twelve feet from the surface, just beneath a skeleton with which were beads 

 of shell, was the most perfectly symmetrical and beautiful "celt" it has been 

 our good fortune to find The material, light green in color, is believed to be an 

 altered Felsite. The semi-circular outline of the cutting edge has been conferred 

 with wonderful precision. This implement is of the pure Santo Domingo type. 

 The cuts by no means convey a fair idea of the appearance of the original. Length, 

 about 5.5 inches ; maximum breadth, about 2.6 inches ; maximum thickness, about 

 1.5 inches (Figs. 30 and 31). 



Arrow and lance heads — The interment of arrow and lance points with the 

 dead was largely a matter of fashion. In the Shields mound, less than one mile 

 distant, they were very abundant, as was the case in Mt. Royal, which closely 

 resembled the Grant mound in many particulars. In the Grant mound but fifteen 

 were taken out by us. None was of unusual size or of especial interest. 



