TWO SAND MOUNDS ON MURPHY ISLAND, FLORIDA. 511 



Ten feet down, in a pocket of red Hematite, near human remains, together, 

 were : twelve arrow and lance points ; a sharpening stone of claystone, almost 

 rectangular, about 6.3 inches by 3 inches, with an average thickness of about .3 

 of one inch ; one " celt" ; a heart-shaped bit of rock, apparently claystone, 3.8 inches 

 by about 2.5 inches, used for sharpening pointed tools, grinding beads, or both, 

 as shown by grooves on either side across its widest part ; a small bit of sandstone ; 

 one flake of chert, and twenty-two chips of the same material. We have frequently 

 remarked the inhumation of great numbers of fragments, chips, and flakes of chert, 

 especially in the smaller river mounds between Jacksonville and the sea, while 

 from Mt. Royal, near Lake George, Putnam County, we took 951 associated masses 

 of chert, averaging about the size of a hen's egg. Lieutenant-General Pitt Rivers, 

 in his monumental work, 1 speaks of great numbers of flakes, chips, and cores of 

 flint (which is almost the same as our chert) found by him in the barrows. 



Four quartz pebbles ; one core of chert ; three fragments of fossil bone, shaped 

 to a certain extent, the largest rectangular, about 1.6 inches by 2.5 inches, with an 

 average thickness of .5 of one inch, were found in association. Fossil bones are not 

 infrequently met with in Florida in the clay and in the bottom of streams. 



Two and one-half feet from the surface, in immediate association, were : a 

 pebble hammer of quartz, 5 inches long ; fifteen smaller pebbles and pebble hammers ; 

 three small bits of sandstone ; one fragment of an apparently clayey substance ; 

 four arrow heads of chert ; a small natural formation, tubular in shape ; ten bits of 

 fossil bone, some worked to a certain extent; one unidentified object of the same 

 material, about 3 inches long, 1.5 inches high, with an average thickness of 1.6 

 inches ; a portion of a tooth of a fossil shark ; an astragalus of a fossil llama, 2 and 

 a small fragment of striated rock. 



Three feet from the surface was another curious medley consisting of : one bit 

 of fossil bone ; two rude arrow heads of chert ; one pebble hammer ; four small 

 pebbles ; one chip of chert ; four bits of sandstone ; two pieces of coquina, and 

 one small fragment of Steatite. 



All together, 4 feet down, were : sixteen bits of fossil bone from .5 of one inch 

 to 3 inches in length, some by their even edges showing a certain amount of work ; 

 ten pebble hammers ; thirty small pebbles, one pebble partially ground for suspen- 

 sion, an incipient pendant; seven fragments, of sandstone and of other rocks; two 

 chert arrow heads ; one tubular bead of soapstone, about .75 of one inch in length. 



In addition to these curious deposits there lay separately throughout the 

 mound, pebble hammers, sharpening stones, and certain natural formations in the 

 form of tubes, largely used by the aborigines, similar to one figured by us in Part I 

 of our Report on the St. Johns mounds as coming from Mt. Royal, and found in 

 such numbers in the Shields mound, Duval County. 



1 " Excavations in Cranborne Chase, near Rushmore." Printed privately. Three volumes, 1887 — 

 1892. England. 



2 Identified by Professor Cope. Three species of fossil llama from Florida have been described 

 by Leidy. 



64 JOURN. A. N. S. PHILA., VOL. X. 



