528 CERTAIN SAND MOUNDS OF THE OCKLAWAHA RIVER, FLORIDA. 



A sheet of mica, 2 inches by 3 inches, came from a depth showing original 

 deposit. Sheets of mica, so abundant in the low mounds between Jacksonville and 

 the sea but seldom found in the larger ones, are of very rare occurrence and found 

 only in small quantities in the mounds of the St. Johns River above Jacksonville. 



Two and one-half feet from the surface was a portion of a superb lance head or 

 dagger, of chalcedony, 6 inches in length. Judging from the point of fracture, the 

 weapon may have been of considerably greater size. Weapons of this character 

 are virtually absent from the mounds of the Ocklawaha and of the St. Johns though 

 the type is not unknown in Florida. Some years ago a hoard of similar ones was 

 unearthed by the workmen of a construction train, not far from Palatka. The 

 find, seven in all, if our memory serves, was unfortunately scattered, though one, 

 which we have seen, is in the possession of Andrew E. Douglass, Esq., of the 

 Museum of Natural History, New York, and one of the smaller specimens, which 

 also we have examined, of milk white chert, 11 inches in length, is owned by Mr. 

 Fry, of Palatka. 



An arrow head of chalcedony lay at a depth of 6.5 feet. Throughout the 

 mound were various chippings of chert. 



COPPER. 



In caved sand was a bead .25 of one inch in length, of copper somewhat 

 thicker than the usual sheet copper of the mounds of the St. Johns. 



A massive bead, or rather a pendant of copper, has a maxi- 

 mum diameter of .86 of one inch ; maximum thickness of band, .34 

 of one inch ; maximum width of band, .58 of one inch. A groove 

 showing continued wear was apparent on the inner surface (Fig. 

 79). During all our work on the St. Johns River we have found 

 no ornaments of copper other than those wrought from thin 

 sheets, and why beads of the Ocklawaha, which are made in the 

 Fig pIr.' _ Gambiemound! same manner, as their overlapping margins testify, are more gen- 

 (Fuii size.) erously supplied with metal, we are unable to decide. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



Nothing from the Gamble mound suggested an origin other than pre-Columbian. 



Hopson Mound, Lake County. 



At Emeralda, in the orange grove of Robert L. Hopson, Esq., of that place, to 

 whom we are indebted for cordial permission to investigate, was an interesting 

 little mound. It had long been under cultivation, and had suffered considerable 

 diminution in height through the agency of the plow. It had sustained but little 

 previous examination. Its height was 4 feet 2 inches ; its base diameter, 42 feet. 

 It was carefully dug through at a level considerably below that of the surrounding 



