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BRITISH FOSSIL CRUSTACEA. 



Upper Ludlow Limestone of Ledbury and Woolhope. I agree with Mr. Lightbody and 

 Mr. Marston that it should not be considered as a distinct formation, as it is intercalated 

 at different horizons in the Ludlow rocks, both upper and lower. 



Pig. 28. — Section of Old Road Quarry (from a sketch by Mr. Marston) at 

 Church Hill, Leintwardine, Shropshire. 



S.W. 



N.E. 



1. Shale like Lower Ludlow Shale. 



2. Intercalated mass of nodular limestone, with Pentamerus. 



3. Pentamerus bed, about 18 inches in thickness. 



4. Shaly bed (about 3 feet thick), with Star-fishes, Pterygotus, and Eurypterus. 



5. Thick bed, with Pentamerus Knightii. 



5. — Upper Ludlow Rock. 



The name of "Seraphim" was given to certain winged-looking bodies {Pterygotus, 

 Agassiz) by the Scotch quarrymen who first found them in the Lower Old Red Sandstone 

 of Scotland. In pi. iv, figs. 4, 5, of Murchison's ' Silurian System,' a fragment of the 

 carapace of Pterygotus is figured by Agassiz, and he then came to the conclusion that the 

 animal it belonged to must be referred to the class of Fishes, while Hugh Miller, in his 

 8th chapter of the ' Old Red Sandstone/ gives a graphic account of the after-judgment 

 of Agassiz, and how, in the presence of himself, Sir R. Murchison, and others, " his eye 

 brightened," as he looked upon better specimens of "the huge Crustacean of Balruddery," 

 and he said, turning to the company, " I will tell you what these are, — the remains of 

 a huge lobster ! " 



It was of the merest fragments of this " Seraphim" from the Upper Ludlow rocks, 

 in the collections of the Rev. T. T. Lewis and Dr. Lloyd, that Agassiz declares, in the 

 'Silurian System' (chap, xlv, p. 606), these remains belong undoubtedly to, the same 

 animal as the " Seraphim" of the Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. 



