~ 
tn the vicinity of New York City. 89 
demonstrated it did in New England. Following this north- 
west direction from this island over the Highland range of 
“Archean” rocks at the Ramapo Ga 
evidences can be seen in the Pompton Gap, Dover, and at Lake 
i nioong, NW: J, 
me years ago I traversed the heights from this lake to 
West Point on the Hudson, and everywhere the evidence of 
some agent moving southeastward over them, rounding their 
Summits, stossing them on their western slopes, was always pres- 
ent before me. The sum of all this see Srl confirms Prof. 
Dana’s theory of a glacial plateau on the highlands of Canada. 
€ second class of evidence—the material composing the 
mantle of drift—always shows it to have been transported from 
the northwest. Both on this island and Long Island the material 
s from rocks known to lie to the northwestward. Thus on the 
island we find boulders and huge masses of the serpentine and 
tap rocks of New Jersey blended with the red sand rock of the 
same State. In Brooklyn on Long Island we find, in addition 
to the rocks of New J ersey, those from New York island blen- 
ded with the others. I have seen huge masses of anthophylite 
In Atlantic street, Brooklyn, which must have come from the 
Parent bed of this rock on 10th Avenue and from West 50th 
to West 60th street. Careful measurement of the direction of 
the movement which must have transported these rocks show 
it to have been from N. 10° W. to S$. 10°E. This course tallies 
With measurements made on the palisades by Prof. Cooke. The 
asses of red 
New Jersey to New York and Long Island. Many blocks in 
the city, as at East 73d, East 74th, Hast 75th, and East, 76th 
Streets, Third avenue, N. Y., lying beneath the surface soil, are 
Pearance of being independent red deposits in the drift. _ 
The third class of evidence is the immense drift deposits on 
Long Island, These stretch from Oyster Bay S. 60° W. to 
Fort Hamilton, and over to Staten Island. Was not this ridge 
2 terminal moraine? Through this moraine the Hudson river 
teaks at the Narrows at almost right angles to the trend of 
the Hudson valley. 
The material composing this moraine is made up of detritus 
from New Jersey and Manhattan Island. Boulders of trap, 
and gneiss and granite cover all the surface east as far as Oyster 
Y: The shore of Long Island between Oyster Bay and Smith- 
town I have not aa, At the latter point, and along the 
Long Island railroad, beyond Brushville, there is an absence of 
all kinds of boulders. Underneath the surface the land is full 
of boulders of trap and gneiss through all the moraine. 
