Geology and Natural History. 321 
or not. The author thinks it not unlikely that the “red earth,” 
ven in the case of the five strata in Ireland Island, has been 
largely deiivea from eh inhabiting once-existing cavern 
the same time, he considers it probable that birds, their diops 
pings fupplying a one of guano, have also assisted in the forma- 
ion of this deposit. 
e occurrence of pumice floated ashore at Watling Island, and 
elsewhere in the aes amas pode also oo Bermuda); 1 is briefly. noticed. 
4, 8 hio; by Prof. N. H 
is was a circ - aepccege peculiarly favorable for the preservation of 
h 
the features of the drift. e whole of the vast tract is a plain 
wit More unevenness than the age region of Illinois. He 
accepted th cier theory © Pr gassiz to explain nearly 
a 
long ridges high have received the names of St. Johns, having 
an elevation above Lake Erie of about ‘495 feet: Wabash, ei 
isabout 375 feet above that lake; the St. Mary’s, ranging from 2 
to 390 feet above Lake Erie; the Van Wert, ranging from 194 2 
240 feet; the Blanchard ridge from 188 to 218 feet; “and the Bel 
more ridge, about 150 feet above Lake Erie. These he regarded 
aS So many terminal moraines left in the retreat of the local gla- 
ot which filled ae 1e St. Lawrence v _ including the basins of 
akes Ontario and Erie, as well as the valley of the Maumee, 
about the close of the Glacial ea He aide all the drift i in North- 
ers in it oa wh marked by glacier wats He ex xpla ained by crayon 
diagrams how the drift, frozen in the ice, or riding on its back, 
ow thawing of the foot of the elac er. He supposed that the 
eet. At that time it had an outlet by way of Houg btoh, id, 
through the wittled: of the Wabash, its outlet by way of the 
Lawrence valley being yet obstructed by the glacier. Above 
the 
water of Lake Erie. regarded as evidences of a higher stage 
of that lake the existence of loose sand knolls and ridges scattered 
