252 C. F. Austin on the Sphagna of New Jersey. 
Art. XXVIIL— Observations on the Sphagna of New Jersey, with 
Description of a New Species; by C. F. Austin, Curator of Dr 
Torrey’s Herbarium, Columbia College. 
THE region in New Jersey known as ‘‘ The Pines” is literally 
a region of Sphagna. Nine of the ten species and most of the 
. Varieties noticed in this paper were collected there by the writer 
in October last, in the vicinity of Manchester in Ocean county, 
within the radius of less than half a mile,—the fruits of a few 
hours search. One of them, Sphagnum Sullivantianum, is new t0 
science ; another, S. molluscum, to the American Continent. 
The bottoms of the ponds in this region are covered to a g 
extent (often to the exclusion of all other plants which usually 
4c in such places) with Sphagnum cuspidatum var. Torreyanum, 
. macrophyllum, large forms of S, Pylesti and with S. Sullivanha- 
num. ey are entirely submerged (when at a depth of more 
than three or four feet), or have their tips just peeping from the 
surface of the water, and were all brought up together on the 
boat's oar in the pond at Manchester, from a depth of at least 
six feet. 
The more or less inundated marshes on the borders of the 
ponds are filled with Sphagnum cuspidatum, running ito 
var. recurvum in the cedar swamps, where this variety abounds, 
and into the var. plumosum in shallow water,—and this ap, 
to pass regularly into the var. Zorreyanum in'deep water. The 
forms of this species which run into the var. recwrvum have 4 
slender state of S. cymbifolium abundantly, and of S. molluscum 
sparingly, mixed with them. The common forms of &. 
hum and 8. cymbifolium form deep extensive turfs in the cram 
berry bogs,—these places seeming to be made up of their remains. 
In sandy, grassy bogs, forming matted masses, S. cyclophyllum 
and S. pg are abundant. “S. rigidum, var. humile, 0c¢ 
sparingly on the dry margins of the ponds. ergs: 
‘les fies the Pinited time and oe over which the search 
extended, and the number of species collected, it is reasonab™ 
to suppose that others may yet be found in the same locality. — 
The following brief synopsis includes, I believe, all the 
that have thus far been found in New Jersey.’ 
1. SpHacyum acuriro.ium Ehrh.—Fruits abundantly on the borders 
of sandy swamps, where it is of rather a low sfature; the taller a 
which grow in peat bogs appear to produce only male flowers ; color ht 
low whitish; above, brownish tinged with red, often changing to brig 
£0; sbideuiiintacunen| portions be looked for 
eee sasha gadlice an: ell an, sdk! ae teues one cet pocotiac bc ale ony 9 
- Since writing the sbovs, I Jeam from Mr. Sullivant that be h 8. tabulare ™ 
Quaker Bridge, New Jersey. . 
