276 Scientific Intelligence. 
characters to aluminium, the latter being quickly dissolved by hydrochloric 
acid, which does not attack the former, and resisting nitric acid, which easily 
dissolves fallin 
In the state of | protoxyd, thallium forms soluble and crystallizable salts with 
sebenics. nie eg ulphuric, and phosphoric acids. ‘The carbonate is # very 
characteristic 
The salts fox by the pears of thallium with organic acids, which 
have oat studied by eee Kuhlmann, Jun., are the oxalate, binoxalate, tartrate, 
paratartrate, malate, citrate, Geovtate acetate, And some others of less im import- 
ance. All these ae are soluble, and, according to Mr. aareaty revostaye, some 
of them are isomorphous with the corresponding salts of p 
Thallium, then, is a new metal well characterized. It is distinguished from 
hoff. From the examination of the solar sale we may conclude thet 
thallium ct not exist in the solar a pups 
Thallium ne nah a ly forms one of the y of alkaline ars the num- 
ber of which has been doubled by recent le At begining of 
this century, only two of these ey were known, Saige 
Forty years ago Sion was added to the number; and w ithin the last pe 
years three others have been ates rubidium, cesium, and thallium, all 
three by spemenne analysis 
From this we may be allowed to hope that the maga ‘e these 0 sora WA 
alkaline metals, thallium occupies the opposite extremity of a 
of Sneha lithium forms the first term, and the equivalent weights mark the cae 
ferent degrees, The aie are, in fact, as follows: 
Lithium, - “ Ps . , “ ze ki OE 
Sodium, Oe ee ee ee Pear eT 
Potassium, <2 26) Sow Gites ey ee ee ee 
Rubidium, (oe o.-qerces Pe 
wala es fhe a eS Jee iy beeen 
Thallium, ois DNR oe a galiy Gas an 
On this point it has been remarked,— 
1. That the equivalent of sodium is exactly the mean of the equivalents of 
28 5 ? 
2. That by adding double the weight of edicts to the weight of potassium, 
we obtain the weight of rubidium: 46+39=85; f 
3. That by adding twice the weight of sodium to twice the weight of potas 
sium, we get nearly the weight of cesium: 46+78=124;? 
4. t"That t by are aeuhle the weight of sodium to four ‘times that of potas 
sium, we obtain nearly the equivalent of thallium: 47+156=202. ists; 
These colusidgrations are of a nature to attract the Saoaie et of ¢ Lise ot 
and without attributing to them a value that the actual numb of the 
justify, they show the interest which attaches to the careful comparison 
equivalents of bodies belonging to the same family. the law 
he alkaline metals have this peculiarity, that to bring them under nal the 
of Dulong and Petit—-that is to say, to make their atomic heats eer ights 
ogee’ heats of gg ites is eee to adel their nt spe *ifiC 
® The new weight of cesiwn rbd moti by Johnson and Allen (irwe el 
94) does not support the combined numbers above given by Dumas. wail 
twice the weight oe sodium to eed weight of eet we have approximatel 
ee ——_ “rotate —Eps. A. J.S 
