664 À KAZEM-BEG, 
gas jipeb :S LS, LES ER De JE |supplying themselvés with militarÿ instruments 
A ao such as throwing and bruising machines, Ke- 
JG 4) ve Lil Jodi,os 1 Si) geleés ndfirs (drums) and ropes of Manganum :°: 
is l io. bavr d sand other war instruments, for they had re- 
ls Qlusë) M 4) el do sd) JU] dbl solved to make war on the “Baule of the 
southern mountains, i.e. Daghistân *°? which 
was considered by the law as darul-herb ?°5 It 
f 
fective incitements to the war of religion. From the very beginuing of the establishment of Islam beyond the 
limits of Arabia, such adventurers did not lose their time and acted very diligently in different quarters 
of the country. Asia minor, Khorasan, Aderbijân and Shirwäân, in consequence of their success, have been 
more than once the scenes of bloody wars and several dynasties appeared in the course of these adyantures. 
Perhaps, indeed, some Hamzeh, after or about the time of thé introduction of Islam into Daghistan, had vis- 
ited that country, and in some way or other, had acquired ar influence among its new Mussulmans, and this 
circumstance gave rise to the two traditions so current to this day in all Daghistan respecting the great Pro- 
genitors of their princes. The assertion of Derbend-Nameh in regard to this, though more crediblé (read 
“part the V), might also be founded on the same grounds. 
101 We have translated Mudafi uthrowing-machine», Dagkägk — «bru sing- machine», and express 
ed Mandjanigk by »Mavganum». In translating the two first we have followed the dictionaries of Gkdmüs 
U 3° $ and dssaghani ME I The word SU we could not find in any of them, but we think it to be 
Ur the plural of LE drums. — As to Mandjanigk which has not in its plural, Medjänigk, the first © 
n, L suppose it to be a corruption of the Greek anyavn which, through the Latin, has passed into the Arabic 
and some ages after been again introduced into the Byzantine language in the new form Manganum, which 
the Turks still use in a similar sense, Mangana. Cousult Glossarium manuale ad scriptores mediae et infimae 
Latinitatis; Halae 1776 T. IV. p. 525. 
102 The author probably means here the south-eastern parts of Legzistan which in reference to the mighty 
Principality of Awar was to the south. 
103 The expression Dérul-harb means a town or a city of hostility. The law means by it any country of 
the infidels, whose inhabitants are not in subjection to, or alliance with the Musulman authority and who 
do not pay the impost or Djezyeh appointed by the law. In every darul-herb the life and property of its 
inhabitants are »lawful» i. e. every Musulman can deprive the infidel he meets of his life and property and 
will not be responsible in the eye of the law; but as soon as the stipulation is made and the impost paid 
the life and property of every one of the inhabitants become » unlawful» i. e. tbe injurer of his person or 
property will be responsible to the law, in the same manner as if he had injured à Musulman. 
The law of the Koran, that in every country which is, upon these principles, considered to be dérul-herb 
the Musulmans who reside in it, or who have acquired a footing there, must indispensably declare war for 
religion to its inhabitants, — has, in all ages, been one of the greatest obstacles as well to the complete and 
moral success of the christian conquerors, who have since many ages taken possession of some parts of the Muham- 
medan dominions; as to the very tranquility of the Musulman inhabitants of those conquered countries. By this 
law every part of the Muhammedan dominions conquered by «the infidels» is considered to be « dârul-herb» 
as soon as the Sharÿ’at or the law of the Koran has ceased there to be in use and has lost its authority, in 
which case all the Musulmans must do all in their power to leave that land and fly to another Muhammedan 
country. (On this head our readers may find many details in the Mukhteserul- Vigkaet published by me at Kazan, 
1845 pages FeO — ped; also in the Gkahistäni’s commentary on these pages.) L 
-The Mullâs and the lawyers of Bukhara, Khiveh and other Muhammedan countries often excite the hidden 
