Vol. xi.] 6 



part of the Kirghiz Steppes, in the valleys of the Ural River, 

 its tributaries, and along the Mugodjar range. On passage 

 and in winter it appears in Turkestan, and visits the Sirsa 

 district of N.W. India. In certain areas it shares its winter- 

 quarters with the common dark form of Merlin." 



Dr. Sushkin then delivered the following important address 

 on certain species of Aquila :— 



" I now proceed to give some results of my work on the 

 Eagles. This work is not yet completely finished, but some 

 of my results seem to be rather interesting. 



" Aquila verreauxi is a somewhat peculiar type, connecting 

 the Golden Eagles with the rest of the group. It combines 

 many plastic characters of the former with the variations of 

 age peculiar to the latter. At the same time it is nearly 

 related to Uroaetus, as was pointed out by Sharpe, and I 

 must add that the comparison of the skeletons proves the 

 same. 



"A. chrysa'dtus must be divided into some well-marked sub- 

 species. In the Palsearctic Region one sub-species inhabits 

 the mountains of Europe, the Caucasus, and Northern 

 Africa ; another is an inhabitant of the plains of the Palsearctic 

 a/ea : a third belongs to Central Asia and to the mountains 

 bordering it. America seems to have probably two sub- 

 species, a northern and a southern one. 



" Of Aquila heliuca, Savigny, I would point out that indi- 

 vidual variations of this bird lead to a certain extent in the 

 direction of A. adalberti. As to the latter, I have found that, 

 at least in most instances, it presents in the first plumages 

 the same striped appearance of the crop as does A. heliaca, 

 but the dark stripes are much less developed and do not 

 penetrate so far backwards as in A. heliaca. As a straggler, 

 A. heliaca appears in Italy and in France. I have seen 

 one specimen from Calabria and another from Boulogne- 

 sur-Mer. 



" The most complicated group is that of A. rapax. In 

 Africa it is represented by two forms. One of them, the true 

 A. rapax of Temminck, is a bright tawny bird in the fresh 



