1868.] Contributions to Persian Lexicography. 35 



c. The Turanian has preserved a clear distinction between the jlj 

 and U, when J>^s /0 (6, e) and t-ij^o (u, i). The modern Iranian has 

 only t-J^A* forms (i, u). The words which have a majhiil letter must 

 be learned from the Dictionaries ; Indian Persian grammars specify 

 the cases, when the ending ^ is pronounced ojyo. 



d. The Turanian has in all cases preserved the **£ cJjJ. The 

 Iranian has given it up in some, especially after an alif. Thus 

 forms like j*^^ a>^\j, ^f c/f , ^^ly*, &c., are pronounced in Iran 

 mundam, rundam, ungdh, harunchi, but in India still mundam, rdndain, 

 &c. 



e. The Turanian never adopted the interchange of dad {p) and 

 dzdl (i). 



f Certain words are peculiar to the Turanians. Examples — <_g-j 

 he for the Iranian j) ; jj4 son for j.~»J ; y^> side for o^Ja ; j-*> husband, 

 ioxj£>j& ; &13L> dawn for ^^ ; 8^xj evening for j*L« ; <_£;! for ^j ; &JjJ 

 brother-in-law lox j&\j=>*j.&j£ ; S^X) or &j sister-in-law for &jj£\y. ; 

 j>il^ brother for j>ilj-J ; i^lo o^" mother-in-law for c>jjiiU> ; j.— i- 

 father-in-law iov eJJj^J ; ^jj—i. for vjj^j-i '; cJt>VU and u^lS' to 

 search for yiU* ; (jJ^^J fj^r^ ^° throw the arrow for ^l=w|o.i| 

 lj^>J ; ^-^ to si£ for ^i-ws^j j ^jLoLcL fo ?vs<? for ^XwI^j ; Jjj&xp (cf. 

 Jjy <Xilv£ ) yesterday for j^^ ; <~>\ ii)^jt_j-w to si6r/Z {water) for 

 t-sf CJ-i-Ji So^!) ; JLJJ c^-wjlj-w to ^>«ss aioa?/ (day) for Jj; ^l^il ;. uJ^-oij-^ 

 to die; e>A*jlj for O-ij+Jji^ ; eWJ^wi*. fc> sZeep for O^l^ ; u^J; tne 

 same as cJ^, e. g., /*jj oJIj^j J am thy sacrifice; u<>.<*> erfc^J for 

 c^^f ^4^ ; o^jj&k for ii><xw(f ; c>^U> 1. the same as liM^J to put ; 

 2. the same as ^yLwt J^ to leave behind, e. g., ft".}^^ o^ j\ DJHs?- -^ 

 ^«#e Zd/£ the thing on the shelf, where j6JLj is a Turanian form for 

 8oJLo ; or, <H^Uj lj*Jl*- <^l Z<s«z>e ZZws house ( ^J;t«>^J ) ; 3. the same as 

 (4J.M:> (3^-k to divorce; 4. the same as O^lf ; ti>o^J to Zmye 6e- 

 hind ; &c. 



Although several of those words do occur in Iranian authors, yet 

 we generally find them used in peculiar places, as in rhyme, where 

 it was difficult to avoid them ; or in order to prevent repetitions, &c. 



The following peculiarities appear to be limited to the Persian 

 spoken and written in India. 



a. Words have peculiar meanings. Examples — 8.>j*»f , the same as 

 j±*» satisfied ; X*jy=*u»t leavings ; ^-^i^y* absence for *■£**¥■ ; d** misl a 



