1868.] Contributions to Persian Lexicography. 37 



c5 £ , lJ r ? x, > c? ^' w (Abulfaszl), for <yu»;i>-, (jr'^rf , t^^j tlie ending 

 ^ not leading to an adject, form in 8 ; &^jd and &-U^ a mongrel ; 

 &j^[jo i_m»j for 8j<ko y*»l ; *J 3/1 for 3/ 1 ; *JJ| ^^ for &U\ il**, a proper noun ; 

 iSluj for &JJb ; (jw3)l3 for ^^3 ; ^Ji^xL* a wardrobe, for cjl^veL*. ; aJt-w^ 



a fine, for^U^ ; ^\D\ gJj for^3/| £">; Jj3/l <iU^ and^J/l o>U»> for 

 ^j^llcs^ 1 *^ and ^^3/l^^U^ ; cu[jb for olji; <Hjj<i for ^jjl.i ; 

 tutSTjvi for cj'^j, a sliop ; ty^lji for i^!jL}«i*; *•[?•* for A-L& a certain dish ; 

 *&£) for ***:!/? I ; (_5'*">;* a0 pure, for *£+*" ; iy°)3/ for j*j3i ; ujI^ 4 ^ for 

 ejls*^ ; &x>s for j/o ; c.jjjQ** for i)L» ; ^^* for g-j"^. 



</. In words beginning with f, the Madd is often omitted ; as jU-t 

 pickles, jA**s| lining,* ^-J^-wl sleeve, o*Aj| canvass, JS^Ui ready, U*i-/| 

 a royal order, j&| a distiller, for jj.a.f,^£wf, cu&jf , i!^L«f, l**J^f, j&f. 



e. After a long vowel we often find a vowel elided ; as t^-»T 

 afrinf for the Iranian dfarin, i^syy maulwi 'for maulaivi, fj>^\*>\ dmdd.gi 

 iordmddagi, ^^^jiposhidgilox poshidagi, &*aJls^ khalgahiov khdligah, 

 cJiij'T dzhdanf for dzhadan. 



f. Two Sakins are avoided ; as ^x*.^! arjamand/or arjmand. 



g. The Persian letters <-£, ^, <-», are used instead of the Arabic 

 ^, g., i_j ; as in eH^&i, &»$£*, woJXsi, for ^XJl^ AjjX-i, e>i}i.£i| ; y.«,f } 

 t-o, for >— -*«! and ^_tJ ; *s Ai0 for A-sr-^ ; A^Lu^ for A^b-jo • —^ for 7-r=». 



7j. The Tashdid of many Arabic words falls away, as *->[}'* nawdh 

 for naioivdb an (Indian) Nawab ; %j'd, pi. ci>!ji, an atom. J 



i. The following pronunciations are very common, though gener- 

 ally prohibited in the Dictionaries — i±)\y=±- Jchizdn autumn, for ulj-^. 

 khazan ; )\jt> diraz§ for the Persian dardzlong; &^> shambah, and 

 even shumbah\\ Saturday, for &■}-»••*> shambih ; j^ptilciw, and even j^->, 

 a well known dish of rice, meat and spices, for j^jpaldw. The modern 



* Entered by Vullers as Peisian. It is Indian. 



f So in many Persian Dictionaries written by Indians. 



J There is a curious mistake in Vull. Diet. I, p. 378. Burhan, whom Vullers 

 copies, has o*w| JSiVof ^Jaij *A Cj!jS j *iaaj ^-U^J 2<<>-L; ; but Vullers does 

 not observe that &kiij and ej|ji (the Indian printer of the Burhan left out the 

 Tashdid) are synonymous, reads Ci>[_>i, for the A. cs*)i,and translates canities 

 in cmteriore capitis ! 



§ Vull. also has dirdz, although Burhan gives clearly j[+'i CjjjJ namdz. 



|| Vull. also has &.\xJLsz x $ panjshambah I, 375. b., and <Ux£<3U> sihshembah 

 II, p. 354, whilst in other places he has correctly shambih. 



