JOURNAL 
OF THE 
ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. 
Part IL—HISTORY, LITERATURE, &ce, 
No. I.—1896. 
On Irregular Causal Verbs in the Indo-Aryan Vernaculars.— By 
G. A. Grizrson, C.LE., Pu.D. 
[Read March, 1896]. 
In the Modern Vernaculars of Western and Central India, certain 
causal verbs insert ad, anv, an J, or an 1, before or after the causal 
sufix. As an example I may quote the Hindi causal verb di-l-ana, 
‘to cause to give, derived from dénd, ‘ to give.’ 
The following is a brief summary of the distribution of these, so- 
called, irregular forms. 
NORTH-WESTERN FAMILY. 
Sindhi. In verbs ending in 1, or th, and certain others, e.g., 
/ sikh ‘to learn,’ r is inserted after the causal @. H.g., ,/ ddi, ‘ give,’ 
causal, ,/ ddid-r; ./ sikh, ‘learn,’ causal 4/ sikha-r. Jf a root ends in 
@, r is inserted before the causal a. 
Kagmiri. Many verbs insert an before the causal Gv; e.g. ,/ pak- 
an-Gv from 4/ pak, ‘go.’ Monosyllabic roots in k, m, 1 and sg, insert r 
before the causal dv, thus ,/bal-r-dv, ‘heal,’ from ,/bal, ‘ be convalescent.’ 
Western Pavjabi. Several verbs insert an J before the causal av 
e.g., / sikh-l-dv, ‘teach, ,/ pi-l-av, ‘cause to drink,’ from 4/ pi, 
‘drink.’ Sometimes the 7 is inserted in the middle of the root as an 
infix,e.g., from / samh ‘sleep,’ caus. / samlah, from ,/ bah, ‘sit,’ 
caus. / balhav. 
Sade. 
