se 
- Key 
140, W. Irvine— Later Mughals (1707-1803). [No.2 
brothers. Accordingly an agreement sworn on the Qur’dn was entered 
into for the division of the empire into three parts. Jahaudar Shah, as 
the eldest son, would be proclaimed Emperor of Hindistan, the Friday 
prayer being recited everywhere in his name, and the coinage through- 
out the country bearing his superscription. Rafi‘u-sh-shan was to take 
Kabul, Kashmir, Multan, Tatthah and Bhakkar, and Jahan Shah, the 
Dakhin from the Narbada to the island of Ceylon. Any cash or 
plunder obtained by a victory over ‘Azimu-sh-shan was to be divided 
among the three princes equally. The preposterous condition was also 
included in the agreement that Zi-l-fiqar Khan should be the only razir, 
remaining in person with Jahandar Shah at Dihli and exercising his 
functions through deputies at the courts of the other two princes. A 
more impracticable plan can hardly be conceived, and possibly it was 
never seriously intended by Zu-l-fiqar Khan that it should be carried out. 
Up to this time, owing to the notorious poverty of Jahandar Shah, ad- 
venturers and soldiers had kept aloof from him, but when his cause was 
espoused by Zi-l-fiqar Khan, they began to flock to his standard. ! 
We have already recounted? how prince Rafi‘u-sh-shan passed 
under arms the greater part of the night of the 18th Muharram 1124 H. 
(25th February 1712). Inthe morning the prince slept late, and was 
not yet awake when Kamwar Khan arrived at his house. Assembled 
there were the prince’s chief men, Afzal Khan, Fath-ullah Khan, ‘Ata- 
ullah Khan, Jahangir Quli Khan and others, with their friends and 
relations. Camel-riders, one after another, came in with reports of the 
increasing severity of Bahadur Shah’s illness. About noon Rafi‘u-sh- 
shan left the mansion of ‘Ali Mardan Khan, with his three sons- and 
his family, and took shelter in a small tent put up for the occasion on 
the river sands. Kamwar Khan was posted, with all the prince’s men, 
at Katrah Shah Balawal® to keep watch during the night. Mumin 
1 Kamwar Khan, 101, 102; Warid, 59, 60; Mhd. Qasim, Lahori, 45. Valentyn, 
TY, 294, estimates the numbers of the contending forces as follows :— 
Horse Foot 
Jahandar Shah #00 000 we. 20,000 30,000 
Rafi‘u-sh-shan 500 390 es. 8,000 8,000 
Jahan Shah 360 206 eee 20,000 30,000 
53,000 68,000 
‘A7imu-sh-shan 500 aa 30,000 30,000 
ee can give no record of the nambors slain in the subsequent fighting. 
i.e. In the chapter on Bahadur Shah’s reign, which has not been yet published. 
3 Shah Balawal, Qadiri, Lahori, died 28th Sha‘ban 1046 H. (4th Feb. 1637), aged 
70 years. His tomb outside the Dilhi gate of Lahor was threatened by the Ravi in 
1252 H. (1836-7), when the body was exhumed and re-buried at a little distance, 
Khaznatu-l-asfiyah, I, 161. ; 
