150 W. Irvine— Later Mughals (1707-1803). [ No. 2, 
fellow-Afghans met and opposed their onset. Once he succeeded in 
forcing back the assailants. But ‘Abdu-s-samad Khan supported 
Pirthi Raj vigorously. Shah Nawaz Khan, by ‘Azimu-sh-shan’s order, 
now arrived with reinforcements commanded by some Afghan leaders, 
such as Ma‘li Khan and his son, ‘Alwi Khan. Most of Sulaiman Khan’s 
Afghans were killed. Shah Nawaz Khan was severely wounded 
and withdrew, having seventeen arrows sticking in him,! while Sulai- 
man Khan still stood firm, with a hundred of his own most trusty 
followers, and fronted ‘Abdu-s-samad Khan and Pirthi Raj. The Turani 
bowmen, noted for their skill, shot their arrows at Sulaiman Khan and 
his men, and every arrow emptied a saddle. The Afghans treated it as 
if they were being pelted with flowers, and still barred the way. When 
only some thirty or forty horsemen were left, and all hope of reinforce- 
ments had vanished, Sulaiman Khan, seeing that further effort was fruit- 
less, collected his men and retreated. As soon as the way was thus 
opened, ‘Abdu-s-samad Khan accompanied by Pirthi Raj pressed on- 
wards. ? 
In another part of the field Daya Ram, Nagar, attacked Jahan 
Shah’s guns, hoping to pass through them and reach the centre of that 
prince’s division. But Afzal Khan’s courageous resistance defeating 
this manceuvre, Daya Ram drew rein and turned off towards Jahandar 
Shah’s batteries. Here Daya Bahadur was shot down. His men then 
dispersed in every direction and sought safety in flight. Those who 
made off towards the Ravi were met and killed by Rafi‘u-sh-shan’s 
troops, who protected the rear of Jahandar Shah’s division. * 
At length, Jahandar Shah obtained an entrance to the entrenched 
position of ‘Azimu-sh-shau. Zi-l-fiqar Khan’s and Jahan Shah’s troops 
took possession of the walls, while Kokaltash Khan, at the head of 4,000 
horsemen, was sent to the assistance of ‘Abdu-s-samad Khan inside the 
entrenchment. As Jahandar Shah’s men began to gain the upper hand, 
Muhammad Karim, eldest son of ‘Azimu-sh-shan, quitted his father 
and crossing the river bid in the house of a poor cotton-carder or 
weaver, where he was seized a few days afterwards, as will be related 
hereafter.* Jahandar Shah’s army now advanced ina body against 
1 Shah Nawaz Khan died of his wounds (Térikh-i-Muhammadi, 1124). See his 
biography in Ma’ asiru-l-umara, III, 682. He was the last of the Safawi race who dis- 
tinguished himself in India; he was in the sixth generation from Shah Ism‘ail, 
Safawi, (1500-24). Seven women of the family had been married to princes of the 
Mughal imperial house. For lives of Safawis in India, see Mwdasiru-l-wmara, II, 
670; ILI, 296, 484, 477, 555, 556, 581, 583, 677, 692. 
2 Kamwar Khan, 108; Mhd. Qasim, Lahori, 50; Yahya Khan, fol. 117 6. 
3 Nuru-d-din, 43. 
4 One account (Mhd. Qasim, 52) says that he had lost his way at the end of the 
