158 W. Irvine — Later Mughals (1707-1803). [No. 2, 
It is even said that so complete was the belief in Jahan Shah’s 
victory that the news of his accession was spread far and wide by the 
messengers of the Rajputana moneylenders, and in many places 
the Khutbuh was read in his name. ! 
6. Dergeat and Deatn or Rari‘u-su-sHAn. 
Until two hours after sunset on this day, Rafi‘u-sh-shan stood two 
kos from the field of battle, with his army drawn up in readiness. 
He had been advised to stand aloof and await the result of Jahan 
Shah’s efforts. The astrologers had also told him that in the end, 
the prize would fall to his lot. In this way his inaction is to be 
accounted for. It was now necessary to find out how the day had gone. # 
The patrols and scouts brought in conflicting reports ; the only thing 
certain was that one or other of the two parties had gained the day, 
At length, when about one-fourth of the night had passed, an elephant 
without a driver appeared in the distance. When it had been cap- 
tured, it was found that within the canopy was seated one of the 
children of Jahan Shah with its nurse. Rafi‘u-sh-shan re-assured the 
child by giving him some fruit, and from his lips the fate of the battle 
was learnt. The prince then sent one of his eunuchs to Jahandar Shah 
with a message to the effect that he (Rafi‘u-sh-shan) not having in any 
way broken the compact, what were his brother’s intentions with res- 
pect to him? On reaching the tent of Jahandar Shah, the eunuch 
was told that the emperor, tired out by exertions extending over a 
whole day and night, had retired to rest and could not be disturbed. 
The messenger proceeded next to the quarters of Zi-l-fiqar Khan, 
where he was met with the same excuse. He now took his way to 
Kokaltash Khan, whom he found still awake, and to him he conveyed 
his master’s message. Kokaltash Khan, styled indignantly by Kamwar 
Khan a ‘senseless blockhead,’ called out ‘Perhaps you have come to 
see Jahan Shah; there they are, the corpses of father and son; tell 
Rafi‘ if he wants to fight, he will meet the same fate.’ The eunuch 
returned and reported to his master what he had heard and seen. 3 
At midnight Rafi‘u-sh-shan dismounted from his elephant and 
called his chief men around him for acouncil of war. One officer argued 
that as Jahandar Shah and his men were worn out, they ought to attack 
1 Warid, 70; Ma’asiru-l-umara, 11, 98 ; Khafi Khan, II, 687 ; Mhd. Qasim, Lahori, 
57. 
2 Valentyn, IV, 293, says that, although Rafi‘u-sh-shan had received twenty- 
five lakhs of rupees to remain neutral, he attacked Jahandar Shah’s rear, while 
Jahan Shah went against his flank. Rafi‘u-sh-shan then kept up a cannonade al 
through the night. 
3 Kamwar Khan, 112, 113; Mhd. Qasim, Lahori, 58. 
