1896. ] W. Irvine— Later Mughals (1707-1803). 171 
between Zi-l-fiqgar Khan, the chief minister, and ‘Ali Murad, Khan Jahan, 
Kokaltash Khan, foster-brother of the emperor and now Amiru-l-Umara, 
or second minister. Kor forty years, ever since they were children to- 
gether, Jahandar Shah had been promising ‘Ali Murad that when he 
succeeded to the throne he, his foster-brother, should be his vazir. 
Khan Jahan, and more especially his female relations, resented his 
supersession by Zia-l-fiqgar Khan, although under the circumstances of 
the case, such supersession was obviously unavoidable. In their jealousy 
of each other, whatever was proposed by the one was opposed by the 
other. Contrary to the vazir’s advice, Khan Daurin, Khan Jahan’s 
brother-in-law, was sent incommand of the troops against Farrukhsiyar. 
In the same way, Sarbuland Khan was presented through Khan Jahan 
and appointed to a governorship, acts which lay solely within the com- 
petence of the chief minister. It was while the central government at 
Dibli was in this disorganized condition that a claimant to the throne 
appeared in the person of Muhammad Farrukhsiyar, the second but 
eldest surviving son of the late ‘Azimu-sh-shan, and to his story we 
must now turn our attention. ! 
7. MusamMap FAarRRUKHSIYAR, HIS EARLY HISTORY, AND ARRIVAL AT 
PatnaH ‘AzIMABAD. 
Muhammad Farrukhsiyar, the second son of ‘Azimu-sh-shan, was 
born at Aurangabad in the Dakhin, on the 19th Ramazan 1094 H.? 
(ilth Sept. 1683); and was now in his thirty-first (lunar) year. In 
his infancy he was sent to Dihli, but brought back to the Dakhin in 
- 1105 H. (Sept. 1693—Augst. 1694), in his tenth year; and after three 
years spent with his great-grandfather, ‘Alamgir, he accompanied his 
father, ‘Azimu-sh-shan first to Agrah and thence to Bengal. In the 
last year of his reign, ‘Alamgir recalled his grandson, ‘Azimu-sh-shan, 
from Bengal, giving him orders to leave his eldest son, Muhammad Karim, 
in charge of Bahar and his second son, Farrukhsiyar, in Bengal. The 
young prince passed some years at Dhakkah (Dacca), then the capital 
of the Bengal province; but in the reign of Bahadur Shah (1707-1712), 
he moved to Murshidabad, where he occupied the palace in Lal 
Bagh. He subsequently moved to Raj Mahal, higher up and on the 
other side of the Ganges, ‘Azimu-sh-shan, anticipating a struggle for 
the throne at an early date, called on Farrukhsiyar to return to court. 
1 Yahya Khan, 119 a, says the news of Farrukhsiyar’s advance was received 
in Shawwal (31st Octr.—28th Novr. 1712). Other accounts say ‘about the end | 
of the rainy season,’ ¢. e. 1lst—15th October. 
* For this date see the analysis of the conflicting evidence at the end of Far- 
rukhsiyar’s reign. 
