1896. ] W. Irvine— Later Mughals (1703-1803), 193 
city, and two days were allowed for the arrival of stragglers. Two days 
were passed at Sikri. On the 2lst (19th December, 1712) the army 
was at Palwal, and there the final muster was made. The force reported 
was 100,000 men, horsemen, matchlockmen, and bowmen. Their tents 
covered a circle of about eight miles in circumference.! By daily 
marches Agrah was reached on -the Ist Zi-l-hajj (29th December, 
1712), and their first encampment was at Bagh Dahrah, three miles 
south of the city. Prince A‘zzu-d-din came out of the city and joined 
his father. Curaman, the Jat, to whom many flattering promises 
had been made, joined with a large number of men from his own tribe. 
Efforts were now made to unearth the buried treasure in the fort of 
Agrah. Many doorways were opened but nothing was found, and 
there was no time toconduct an effective search. Some ingots of 
copper were discovered, which had been lying there since Akbar began 
to build the fort and had prepared these copper bricks for use in the 
walls. These were now sold off in order to pay some of Jahandar Shah’s 
men.? 
On the 2nd Ziu-1-hajj (30th December, 1712) Jahandar Shah moved 
to Samtgarh, a place close to the Jamnah, to the east of and about eight 
miles from Agrah city. Probably it was chosen as having been the site 
of ‘Alamgir’s victory of the 6th Ramazan 1068 H. (June, 1658), won 
by him over his brother Dara Shukoh. At first sight, looking to his 
superiority in numbers and in artillery, no one could have doubted of 
Jahandar’s being victorious. But he was in the power of a mere bazar 
woman, surrounded by men of low antecedents, and his army under the 
command of officers, who with the exception of Zu-l-fiqar Khan, were 
men of no experience or position. The fighting men from beyond the 
Indus were disgusted with Jahandar Shah’s habits and many spoke 
despairingly of his chance of winning the day. Farrukhsiyar’s success 
was desired even in Jahandar Shah’s own ranks. The want of unity 
among the leaders now began to produce its effects. Zu-l-lfiqar Khan was 
1 Khafi Khan, II, 700, says Zu-l-fiqar Khan had more than 20,000; the total 
was 80,000 horse, 100,000 foot. In another place, IJ, 718, he gives 70,000 to 80,000 
horse and innumerable foot. Farrukhsiyar had not one-third of these numbers. 
Faridabad to Sikri about 10 miles, Sikri to Palwal, 9 miles, Indian Atlas, sheet 49 
South-East. 
2 This tradition of copper bricks still survived in Agrah in 1768, see ‘Orme 
Collections,’ Vol. 15, p. 4304, Mémoire des Jats, an anonymous essay in French, 
written in that year. ‘Comme en effet il y’a encore une tradition assez bien établie 
parmi les habitans d’Agra, qu’Akbar l’a voulu faire de cuivre rouge, et qu'il avait 
deja fait faire une quantité de briques de ce métal.’ But this author believes the 
idea is founded on a mistake, and that the copper ingots were made for transmutation 
into gold by a fakir, in whose powers as alchemist Akbar believed. 
Jeet. 25 
