150 ON REMAINS FOUND NEAE ETHOPE. 



In the examination of the bones we have had the kind assist- 

 ance of Dr. Embleton. 



Immediately after the discovery of the remains, and before the 

 interest which might attach to them was at all understood by the 

 workmen on the spot, great numbers of the bones were carried 

 away by the people of the neighbouring pit- village, and no doubt 

 speedily found their way into the stores of itinerant rag-and-bone 

 merchants. But when the possible importance of the relics was 

 represented to the managers of the colliery, they at once gave 

 orders that any future discoveries should be carefully preserved, 

 and all bones which have since come to light have been handed 

 over to the Sunderland Museum, where they are now deposited. 

 The large quantity of bones abstracted in the first instance makes 

 it impossible to state with certainty the total number of human 

 skeletons, or to say whether the entire skeletons were actually 

 there, and considering the fragmentary character of the remains 

 now extant it seems useless to give a catalogue in extenso. We 

 shall therefore content ourselves with a brief notice of them. 



Of human bones there are in the Museum, at Sunderland, four 

 skulls ; two others being, we believe, temporarily in the posses- 

 sion of Mr. Greenwell, of Durham, but these last we have not 

 seen. Of those at Sunderland three belong apparently to adult 

 males, and one to a young female. Two of the male skulls, but 

 one more especially, are very massive and strongly developed 

 both as regards the facial and cranial portions. These have also 

 apparently lost much more of their animal constituents than the 

 younger skull. As to race there seems little or nothing in their 

 characters to point to any considerable antiquity. Besides the 

 skulls there have be6n preserved many other bones belonging- 

 doubtless to the same skeletons, and comprising detached verte- 

 brae, scapulae, pelvic bones, ribs, and bones of the upper and 

 lower extremities. It should be noted also that we saw at 

 Ryhope the lower jaw-bone of a child, which must have formed 

 part of a seventh skeleton : this has unfortunately disappeared. 



The bones of the lower animals comprise fragments of skulls 

 of the dog, rabbit, goat, and sheep, many broken jaws of the 

 pig, sheep, ox, and dog, as well as fragments from other parts of 



