MARL-SLATE AND LOWER MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE. 195 



of growth and cardinal spines, traces of which were noticed in 

 the casts from stratum No. 5 (Trans. Tyn. Nat. Field Cluh, Vol. 

 VI, p. 217) are all beautifully shown in the testiferous speci- 

 mens lately obtained. And I can scarcely doubt that the species 

 described from the German Zechsteins, by Baron von Schauroth, 

 under the name of C. Davidson,* will ultimately be found to be 

 identical with this, though perhaps both it and its English con- 

 geners may, as that author points out, present considerable lati- 

 tude in individual modification. 



The grey limestone (No. 8) extends into the adjoining Millfield 

 Quarry. Mr. J. J. TTrwin obtained there Chonetes Hardrensis, 

 Solemya biarmica, and Gervillia heratophaga. It was probably 

 from the same bed in this quarry that Professor King obtained 

 Pro. horrida and a few other fossils mentioned in his Monograph 

 of Permian fossils. 



Pallion. — In 1864 an excavation was made on the estate of 

 Mr. C. "Webster, at Pallion, about a mile W. of Sunderland, in 

 a field a little to the east of the Hall. At the depth of a few feet 

 from the surface a limestone was reached containing fossils. The 

 rock is yellow, vesicular, tough, apparently massive, and contains 

 many small crystals of carbonate of lime. It appears to dip 

 below the strata of Lower Magnesian Limestone exposed in the 

 adjoining quarry (to the east), where a series of thin bedded, 

 grey, yellow, and brown limestones have been wrought for the 

 last sixty years or more. From enquiries made of workmen 

 formerly employed in the quarry, when it was wrought at a 

 considerably greater depth than now, as well as from the ap- 

 pearance of the Lower Red Sandstone at the surface in a little 

 dene a short distance to the west, there cannot be much doubt 

 of this limestone being very near to the base of the Magnesian 

 Limestone. The excavation I believe is now filled up again. 

 The following species were obtained from a few fragments of the 

 stone. 



Chiton Loetusiantjs, King. 



An imperfect intermediate plate. 



* Zeitschr. d. deutschen geologischen Gesellseliaft Jahrg., 1856, p. 222, PL XJ, f. 1. 



