240 president's address. 



sections on the face of the scaurs, and the Mountain Limestone,, 

 which here succeeds the coal strata. 



They were joined by "W. H. Charlton, Esq., of Hesleyside, who 

 pointed out many of the peculiarities of this place and district. 



Rose's Bower,* about four miles up from "Wark, was reached, 

 after the sulphur well a little below had been tasted. The water 

 of this well is no doubt possessed of considerable medicinal power, 

 and rivals that of Gilsland. 



This so-called bower, formerly the pale or fortified residence 

 of Anthony Milburne, a border chieftain, stands on the north 

 bank of the burn on the edge of a precipitous rock, which is cut 

 off from the land on the west side by a deep dell, partly artificial, 

 into which falls in a cascade a small tributary of the Wark Burn. 

 The remains of the ancient bower have been converted into a 

 farm house, which is now easily accessible from the north. A 

 few old, and weather-beaten trees, on the top and sides of the 

 rock, afford some scanty shelter from the storms of winter, and 

 give a picturesqueness to the scene. 



A little above Eose's Bower is the Linn, a remarkably wild 

 and beautiful spot, where the mountain limestone forms an ir- 

 regular but imperfect barrier to the waters of the burn. Little 

 water, owing to the prevalent drought, was on the occasion of 

 our visit passing over it; but during winter the stream must 

 at times leap in a violent, tumultuous, and impressive fall on 

 the rocks below. Cystopteris fragilis, Polypodium phegopteris, 

 and clryopteris were gathered, and above the Linn, Asplenium 

 trichomanes, and several of the commoner species of ferns. 



About a mile above the Linn was observed one of the so-called 

 petrifying waters trickling down the face of a deep scaur, and 

 encrusting the mosses and grasses in its course. 



Leaving the "Wark Burn at this point, the party walked north- 

 wards over the moory pastures and struck the Howkesty Burn 

 about Linacres. The devious and charming windings of this 



* The name Bower (I am informed by Dr. Charlton) is probably derived from the Anglo 

 Saxon for a dwelling place. 



