!>;JG Murchisons Silurian System. 



Whether therefore we descend, says Mr. Murchison, from 

 deposits lodged in lakes and estuaries, or ascend from the 

 rocks of the coal measures, we meet at successive stages with 

 distinct vegetable forms which were drifted at each successive 

 period from adjacent pre-existing lands, forming the materi- 

 als out of which coal has been elaborated. 



[To be continued.] 



Notes on the Distribution of Soils in the Goruckpoor 

 District. — By David Liston, Esq. 



[With a coloured Sketch Map. Plate viii]. 



Gorukpoor District is bounded on the west and south by 

 the rivers Gogra, Dewa or Surjoo ; and three-fourths, or it 

 were perhaps more correct to say seven-eighths, of the Zillah 

 are watered by that great river and by the Raptee and other 

 tributaries which fall into it from the north. On the east, the 

 district is bounded by the great Gunduk, and the remain- 

 ing portion is intersected and watered by tributaries and 

 branches of that noble stream. But what seems rather a 

 remarkable circumstance, the lands under the rule, so to 

 speak, of the Gogra and its subordinates, are in general all 

 of a description of soil called Bangar, that is of a dry silice- 

 ous nature, and requiring irrigation for the production of 

 rubbee or winter crops, whilst the lands bordering on the 

 Gunduk and its branches or feeders are what is termed pro- 

 vincially Bhat, a soil retentive of moisture, producing cold 

 weather crops without artificial watering, and a very notable 

 portion of it being calcareous matter. 



The little Gunduk may be considered as the boundary 

 of the Bhat or calcereous deposit to the west, as I believe 

 I am correct in stating, that this description of soil does 

 not obtrude to the left-side of the river in its whole course, 

 beyond what may have been an old bed of the river, or 

 where back water from it may have been stagnant during 

 wet seasons. The little Gunduk falls into the Dewa, and 



