Europe ; — a popular Physical Sketch. 399 



more on the mean temperature of the summer, than on that 

 of the year round. The long summer days give to the 

 northern countries, in proportion, a considerable, although 

 brief summer heat, which indeed enables the grain to ripen. 

 Yet not every kind of grain ; only barley extends so far 

 northward. The northern extremities for the different sorts 

 of grain may be fixed as follows : 



West-side. East-side. 



Barley, 70° north latitude ... 70° 



Rye, 67° 65° to 66° 



Oats, 65° 63° 30' 



Wheat, 64° 62° 



The cultivation of wheat however is of consideration only 

 to the southward of 60° north lat. Taking elevation into 

 consideration, cultivation of grain ceases in the southern 

 Lapland (67° north lat.) at about 853 feet; in the southern 

 parts of Norway (60°) grain is not expected to ripen at a 

 greater height than 2133 feet. 



The extremities of the most important fruit trees, are : 

 West side. East side. 



Apples & plums, 63° 40' N. L. Tuttero + 62° 30' Sundsvall, 



Cherries, 63° Ertvaago, 63 d 



Pears, 62° 62° 



Peas are, generally speaking, cultivated to 64° 30' on the 

 western side ; and to the 63° on the eastern side. From 

 experiments which the Horticultural Society in London 

 caused to be made, peas succeed at Hammersfest (71° north 

 lat.) in favourable summers only, whereas cabbage, turnips, 

 carrots, spinage, and salad, are easily cultivated there. 



Also potatoes thrive thus far to the northward, but aspa- 

 ragus is cultivated on the western side to 61° north lat. 

 only. 



The most important domesticated animals with the Nor- 

 wegians and Swedes are the ox, sheep, goats, horses, and 

 swine ; and the reindeer with the Laplanders ; for although 



