474 On the Creation, Diffusion, and 



localities in those regions, must at once upset the theory ; 

 for it is evident that such alleged modifications must have 

 been the work of ages, that is, since the first creation of the 

 species from which they are descended, and therefore that 

 on the first extending or migrating of the original stock 

 into other climates than that of its creation or focus, it re- 

 mained for a few years perhaps in statu quo, and afterwards, 

 as the difference of climate told upon its constitution, it 

 gradually assumed different colours, or modifications of its 

 original colours. But as we find from the difference of their 

 general products that climates qf Europe, of the Himalaya, 

 and of the Indian lowland provinces, are distinct, — how 

 comes it that the species of Lepidoptera, above enumerated, 

 have lived for ages in the two former dissimilar climates, 

 ivithout having undergone any change or modification ? Or, 

 how again, is it, that we find in the three regions just men- 

 tioned, that is, in Europe, in the Himalaya, and at Neemuch 

 in the Western Provinces, species which are common to 

 them all, namely the "painted lady," (1) the "death's hawk 

 moth," (2) the " humming-bird hawk moth," (3) and others ? — or 

 how is it that the " Oleander hawk moth," (4) found in the 

 latter, is identical with that of the former region ? 



In the case of man, or of the higher animal classes in gene- 

 ral, it might be said that change of food, together with that 

 of climate, is instrumental to this modification ; though even 

 this is far from being proved to be the case : — " a fair haired" 

 native of Europe migrates with his family and settles among 

 the woolly haired and swarthy inhabitants of Africa. Do 

 his descendants in the lapse of a century, born under a 

 scorching sun, begin to assume any of the characteristics of 

 the races that surround them ? Do their lips gradually be- 

 come thick, their nose flattened, and their complexion black ? 



(!) Cynthia cardui. ( 2 ) Acherontia atropos. 



( 3 ) Macroglossa stellatarum. ( 4 ) Sphinx oleandri. 



