26 THÉEL, NORTHERN AND ARCTIC INVERTEBRATES. I. SIPUNCULIDS. 
Duration: Departure from Copenhagen in the galliass Johanne on the l5th of 
May; return to Gothenburg in the brig Freya on the 14 of November. 
Ways and Means: At his own expense. 
1858. 
(Swedish Arctic Expedition.) 
Leader: OTTO TORELL, Ph. D., Professor (Zoologist, Geologist and Geographer). 
Staff of Scientists on board: A. E. NORDENSKIÖLD, Ph. D. (Mineralogist and 
Geologist) and A. QUENNERSTEDT, Ph. D. (Vertebrates and Protozoa). 
Vessel: The sloop Frithiof. of about sixty-four tons” burden. 
Sawiling-master: TORGERSSON. 
Object: To study natural history in the arctic regions. 
Extent: Spitzbergen: Horn Sound, Bell Sound, Green Harbour in Ice Fjord, 
Amsterdam Island, Magdalena Bay, English Bay, Advent Bay in Ice Fjord, the 
Thousand Tslands. 
Duraiion: Departure from Hammerfest on the 3rd of June; arrival there again 
on the 28th of August. 
Ways and Means: Mainly at the expense of O. Torell himself. 
1853, 1860 and 1874. 
W. LILLJEBORG, Ph. D., Professor (Zoologist; Vertebrates and Invertebrates, 
especially the Entomostraca) undertook journeys during the summer months of the 
above-given three years, in order to study the marine fauna on the southern and 
western coasts of Norway: Bergen, Molde, Christiansund, the fishing-village of Grip, 
Haugesund, Dröbak etc. At his own expense. 
1859. 
(Swedish Arctic Expedition). 
OTTO TORELL, Ph. D., Professor (Zoologist and Geologist). 
Vessel: A ship belonging to the Royal Green!land Commercial Fleet of Copenhagen. 
Sailing-Master: Captain AMMONDSEN. 
Object: To study the natural history of North Greenland. 
Exient: Egedesminde, Goodhavn, Omenak, Upernavik, etc. 
Duration: From the end of May, when he started from Copenhagen, until 
autumn. 
Ways and Means: At his own expense. 
1859. 
TH. THORELL, Ph. D. (Parasitic Crustacea, Arachnida). 
Object: To study the marine fauna. 
