72 Spermatophoree of molluscous Cephalopods, $c. 



Anatomy of Carinariee. On the termination of great 

 winds which prevailed in the commencement of the month 

 of May, the bay of Nice was visited by a great number of 

 Carinariae, and M. Peters and I commenced certain inquiries 

 on their structure. 



You know that we consider all the molluscas of the order 

 Heteropoda as being generally hermaphrodite ; G. Cuvier in 

 a note to the second edition of his Regne Animal says — 

 M. Laurillard thinks them of separate sex, but he does 

 not appear convinced of the truth of this opinion ; 

 and M. Delle Chiaje thought he discovered in the Cari- 

 nariae a testicle situated near the ovary. It was easy 

 to assure ourselves that the sex was perfectly distinct in 

 these molluscae; the male and female differ by the most 

 evident external characters ; indeed in the male we see in 

 the right side (the creature being supposed in pronation, 

 which is the inverse of its ordinary position) under the 

 visceral nucleus, an apparatus of copulation well developed, 

 an apparatus which is completely wanting in the female ; the 

 female possesses a genital orifice near the anus, of which the 

 male is deprived, the testicle occupies the same place as the 

 ovary, and resembles it much, but instead of ovules character- 

 ized by the existence of a vitalline sack and a vesicle of 

 Purkinge, it contains membranous capsules filled with 

 zoosperm. These animalculae have a long tail, and perform 

 their motions with velocity ; we were assured of the same fact 

 in the Firolae. The circulating apparatus of Carinariae 

 differ much from the description which has been given of 

 it, and the nervous system of these animals is more com- 

 plicated than in other molluscous gasteropods known at the 

 present time, for besides the labial ganglious cerebral and 

 subcesophagean,. there is a pair of optic ganglions, a pair of 

 ophtalmic ganglions, a pair of hepatic and one subanal 

 ganglion, lastly, you will also find stomato-gastric nerves 

 analogous to those we have discovered, together fifteen 



