129 



liHtdrrUattrou** 



Statistical Notes on Chusan. By Lieut. Ouchterlony, Madras Engineers. 



Geographical position. — A flag staff erected in the Engineer Camp, near 

 the extremity of a range of hills running into the bay of Ting-hae and 

 forming its Western arm, was determined by Lieut. Collinson, R. N., 

 after a series of observations extending over two months, to be in. 

 latitude 30» 0' 10" North, and longitude 122° 14' East. The point on 

 which the Observatory was erected has been called Harbour-Point, and 

 bears about N. by W. from the deck of a ship after rounding Kee-to 

 point and entering the passage. 



Extent. — Not in any way determined, but judging from excursions 

 made in certain periods of time, and from observations from points com- 

 manding the various extremities of the Islands, I should estimate it as 

 not exceeding 500 square miles. 



Population. — Is much over-estimated in Mr. GutzlafFs works. Esti- 

 mating the Villages — 



At 10 of the first class, containing 1 to 200 houses, 



100 second „ „ 50 to 80 „ 



and allowing 10 inhabitants to each house, and 20,000 persons as dwell- 

 ing in the town of Ting-hae and its sea-port suburb, the total amount 

 cannot be made to exceed 1 00,000 souls, giving a population of 200 to 

 a square mile, which far exceeds that usually assigned to the Empire of 

 China, which is 200 millions to 1,300,000 square miles. 



Cities. — Ting-hae is the principal and indeed the only city or walled 

 town on the Island, though the suburb or sea-port town adjoining it 

 may be ranked under this head. 



The ramparts of Ting-hae are in most parts exceedingly well built, 

 having a good escarp revetment and strong retaining walls of stone 

 surmounted by a parapet of brick, and defended by small flanking 

 square bastions at intervals, and by a broad canal which is carried 

 round three of its faces : the fourth, from being carried over the slope 

 of a hill exposes the town to be surprized, and as the height of the 

 ramparts is inconsiderable, it is open on all points to escalade. The 

 gateways, four in number, are strong, and the gates, which are double, 

 well placed in flanked returns or zig zags. By converting a portion of 

 the town into a small fort by separating the angle furthest removed 

 from the command of the adjacent hills, by means of ramparts thrown 



