31Q On the formation of the 



most remarkable bed of this kind occurs on the west side of 

 the town of Darampoory. It covers a surface of about 16 

 square miles, and is as well as I have been able to ascertain 

 about 25 feet in depth. It lies upon a sienite in loose aggre- 

 gation of grains of quartz and felspar, with a little hornblende, 

 but I have seen no graduation between the two. The cotton 

 soil as usual is mixed with small pieces of kunkur, sometimes 

 so completely cellular, as to be quite like a honeycomb ; but 

 which shew no signs of having been rolled or waterworn, and 

 on the contrary have frequently delicate protruding points, 

 and the quantity of kunkur is greatest at the bottom of the 

 bed, to the exclusion almost of the cotton soil entirely, so as 

 to form nearly a bed of kunkur. Cotton soil has been fre- 

 quently described as having originated from the decomposi- 

 tion of the trap rocks ; a fallacy which was first, I believe, 

 pointed out by Lieut. Newbold, and in which I entirely coin- 

 cide with him. Trap rocks always in decomposition form a 

 red ferruginous earth, which is found commonly on hills of 

 globular greenstone. 



Beds of soil similar to these have been often called u un- 

 transported soils," and their origin has been referred to the 

 decomposition of granitic formations, without remembering 

 that decomposed granite would give little besides a quart- 

 zose sand. 



Between many of the beds of the terraceous formation 

 and the schistose series, a perfect gradation and connection 

 may be observed in the change of some of the softer horn- 

 blendic trap into a soft wacke, mingling with the beds of the 

 terraceous formations ; while long diminishing veins from 

 the beds of the schists run also into them ; and very fre- 

 quently schists and earth connected with the terraceous for- 

 mation may be seen alternating. 



In the Barramahal, beds of soil do occur which may be 

 alluvial or sedimentary, or at least seem most probably to be 

 so ; for no facts appear upon which they can be supposed 



