Afghan Collection of Fishes. 585 



the pectoral and ventral fins soft and pinate, giving off soft pointed 

 cartilaginous rays along the anterior margin, which are enveloped in 

 the membrane of the fin. The under surface of the head and ante- 

 rior portion of the body form a flat corrugated surface. 



Habitat. Sir-i-Chusma, at the source of the Cabul river. (Griffith.) 



Fam. Salmonid^i. 



1. Salmo orientalis, nob. — The length of the head is equal to the 

 depth of the body, and to one-fourth of the entire length, inclusive 

 of the head and caudal fin. The dorsal commences on the middle of 

 the back, half way between the snout and the commencement of 

 the caudal. The ventrals are placed beneath the hinder portion of 

 the dorsal, and the posterior adipose dorsal is placed over the hinder 

 portion of the insertion of the anal. The caudal and the dorsal fins 

 are dark brown ; on the lower parts of the body the fins are of a 

 reddish hue. The back and the sides are interspersed with red and 

 olive green irregular spots, which are also extended over the head, 

 opercula, and dorsal fin. 



B. 12 : D. 12 : P. 14 : V. 10 : A. 10 : C. 19. 



A single row of hooked teeth extend along the edge of the lower 

 jaw, and the intermaxillary is continued along the edge of the maxil- 

 lary bone, as well as the edge of the angular bone, thus making two 

 rows in the upper jaw ; a few teeth are also found on the vomer, and 

 six (three on either side,) near the apex of the tongue, all of them 

 hooked. 



Habitat. Northern declivities of the Hindoo Koosh, and Bamean 

 river, one of the tributaries of the Oxus. (Griffith MSS.) 



This species which seems to differ from any known member of the 

 family in the size of the head and the depth of the body, affords the 

 first instance of a Salmon having been found any where in the vici- 

 nity of India. There are no Salmonidse in Affghanistan, or any of 

 the countries to the south of the Hindoo Koosh ; the latter would 

 therefore appear to be the boundary between the peculiar species of 

 India, and those of Europe and northern Asia. 



Gen. Ambassis, Cuvier. 



1. Ambassis indica, nob. — With a blackish stain in the upper por- 



4 D 



