1872.] 199 



Monogeaph of Himalayas, Assamese, Baemese and Cingalese Clatt- 



srLL33 5 — by William T. Blaneoed, F. G. S., C. M. Z. S., &c. 



(With Plate IX.) 



[Received 19tli January, read 2nd February, 1872.] 



Not a single species of Clausilia has hitherto been found in India proper, 

 South of the Himalayas, not even in the semi-Malay fauna of the Malabar 

 coast, although one kind occurs in Ceylon.* The few forms hitherto 

 described from the territories belonging to the British Indian Empire are 

 from the mountains to the north, or from the countries to the eastward. 

 Several of those described are rare and local, and some are from places very 

 difficult of access. 



By the kindness of my friends, Major Godwin-Austen, Mr. Theobald, 

 Dr. Stoliczka, and Mr. G. Nevill, I have been furnished with specimens of 

 all the species not in my own collection, hitherto described from British 

 Barma, Assam, the Himalayas and Ceylon, except Clausilia vespa, Gould, 

 O. insigiiis, Gould, and C. bulbus, Benson. I have copied authentic figures 

 of the last two, and I add a representation of a shell from Moulmein which 

 may possibly be a variety of C. vespa. 



I am unable, without access to a greater number of types, to assign all 

 the Himalayan and Barmese Clausilice to the proper sub-genera. Those to 

 which the known species hitherto been referred do not always appear to me 

 to include them. Thus C. insigiiis, Gould, C. JPhilippiana, Pfr., and 

 C. cylindriea, Gray, have all been classed in Plicsdusa, to which I am in- 

 clined to doubt if any except the first really belong. I have classed the 

 species in natural sections, and I have given the most conspicuous characters 

 of each group ; and in one case only I have proposed a new sectional or 

 sub-generic name. 



Section I. — Shell horny, smooth, elongate ; the apical portion decidu- 

 ous ; lunule rudimentary or wanting, palatal plicae few, the uppermost 

 elongate. 



l.f Clausilia cylindeica, Gray. 

 Pfeiffer, Symbol. Ill, p. 93. Mon. Hell. II, p. 428 ;— III, p. 590 ;— IV, p. 725 ;— 

 VI, p. 412. Kiister, Mart, and Chemn., PI. XI, f. 12—16. Hanley and Theobald, 

 Conchologia Indica, PL XXIV, f. 4.J 



* But a single species 0. Jennaarensis, Pfr. , has hitherto been obtained in the 

 Ethiopian region. The genus is found throughout the temperate portion of the 

 polsearctic region, in the Malay (or Indo-Malay) province, and in part of the neotro- 

 pical region. 



f The figures in PI. IX correspond in their numbers with the species, thus : 

 1, C. cylindb-ica, is fig. 1. 2, C. Ids, fig. 2, &c. 



J The full synonomy being given in Pfeiffer' s Monograph, I do not repeat it, 

 but only add references to figures. 



