420 Great and Small Game of Africa 



bushbucks, but likewise including the kudus, elands, and the Indian nilgai. 

 So far as its African representatives are concerned, the sub-family may be 

 characterised as follows. The species are of large or medium size. With 

 the exception of the elands, the horns are confined to the males, and are 

 spirally twisted, keeled in front and behind, and devoid of ridges. The 

 muzzle is naked, small glands are present on the face, and the tail is 

 long or medium. In most cases white stripes, sometimes with spots, are 

 present on the body, and there may be a white chevron on the forehead. 

 The upper cheek-teeth are remarkable for the shortness and breadth of 

 their crowns. 



From the other members of the sub -family elands are at once 

 distinguished by the possession of horns in both sexes, those of the 

 females being longer although more slender than those of the males. 

 The horns are directed upwards in the plane of the face, and form a close 

 spiral on their own axis. Both sexes, which are alike in colour, have a 

 deep dewlap ; and old bulls develop a large tuft of bushy hair on the 

 forehead. The tail, which is tufted at the end, is comparatively long, 

 reaching to the hocks. In size elands are the largest of all antelopes. 



The species are :— 



1. The Common Eland (Taurotragus oryx). 



2. The West African Eland (Taurotragus derbianus). 



Two races of the former (the Cape race and the northern race) may 

 be recognised, distinguished by the absence or presence of vertical white 

 stripes. 



