340 
‘ well-flavoured,’ and Su-gandha ‘having an agreeable odour.’’ 
‘Bhustrina’ is also mentioned in Susruta. Roxburgh* identified 
it with his ‘Andropogon Schoenanthus, that is ‘lemon- 
grass, (C. citratus), which, having regard to the origin and 
history of that species can hardly be correct. The same . 
applies to the other Sanscrit name which he refers to the ‘ lemon- 
grass, namely ‘ Malatrinu Kung,’ or rather Mala- trim (Stolz) or 
Mala-trinaka (Hessler), another term used in Susruta and inter- 
preted as connoting ‘ Andropogon Schoenanthus. Of other 
vernacular names which have been connected with C. Martini, 
I would mention here only two, ‘ Mirchia-gandh’ and ‘ Gandh-bel.’ 
‘Mirchia-gandh’ has already been alluded to. Its derivation from 
‘Mirch ’=Capsicum annuum or Piper nigrum and ‘gandha ’= 
odour, perfume, is obvious. There is not much in the grass to 
suggest pepper, but the bright colour of’ the fruiting panicles 
might well be compared to the red of chillies. If this is the 
meaning, the name cannot, of course, be old. It occurs, however, 
already in the Talif Sherif,t where it is mentioned in connection 
with ‘Gundheel’ as something kindred. ‘Gandh-bel’ (given as 
‘Gundbeyl’ in Gladwin’s translation) occurs asa Hindi synonym 
of ‘ Izkhir’ as early as the middle of the 15th century in the Ulfaz 
Udwiyah,{ again in the Talif Sheriff ( Gundheel’ in Playfair’s 
translation ) and in the Makhzan-el- Adwiyaht (1771, ‘Gundbel’ and 
‘Gundhiz’ in the Pharmacographia Indica). By this time ‘ Izkhir’ 
seems to have become a nomen genericum with the Arab and 
Persian physicians in India, and similarly ‘Gandh-bel’ may have 
been applied to several of the fragrant Andropogons of Northern 
India, including ultimately also the ‘lemon-grass,’ for which 
Roxburgh, Fleming, and Ainslie found it in use at the beginning 
of the last century. The derivation of ‘Gandh-bel’ and its 
variants is, save as regards the appellation ‘Gandh’ (gandha, 
Sansc.=odour, perfume), still obscure. ‘Gandhi’ by itself is, 
according to Drummond,| used in the Panjab for C. Schoenan- 
thus (Khavi), and, according to Duthie,§ in the north-west part of 
that province for C. Martin. 
PRESENT EXTENT OF RUSA-OIL INDUSTRY. MOTIA AND 
SuFIA.—At present the principal places of production of Rusa-oil 
are Pimpalner, Akrani, Nandurbar, Shahada, and Talada, all in 
Khandeish; but it is also prepared in the Nagpur, Sagar, Jubbul- 
pur and Karnul districts, and at Ajmere (Rajputana). Considering 
the wide distribution of the Rusa-grass, it is surprising how limited 
the area of its exploitation is. The principal reason is no doubt 
the quite recent development of the demand for the oil. In 
1879 the total production was estimated at 3600 kilos, or 7934 lbs. 
Since then it has risen enormously and may at present amount to — 
about 20,000 kilos, or 44,080 lbs.** There may, however, over 
certain areas, be differences in the constitution of the grass due to 
* Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall., vol. i. (1820), p. 278. 
+ Taleef Sherif, trans. Playfair, p. 129. 
+ Ulfaz Udwiyah, transl. Gladwin. 
§ See Dymock, Veg. Mat. Med. Western India, . 2 ponies! p. 851. 
|| See Duthie, Fodd. Grass, N.W. Ind. (1888), p. 36. 
@ Duthie, l.c. 
** Gildemeister & Hoffmann, Vol, Oils, (1903), p. 285. 
