CBOHCTBAMH H 'PyprOPOMT> PACTHTEJIbHHXT. KJTBTOKT>. 7 



oftojioaKH nxt 6biJia aaTauyTbi boat> BJiiaHieurL nocTopoHaax'b npnqrm, to o Typropi hjih 

 TyprecaeHB,ia stob TKaaa Tanwe He Morjio-6bi 6biTb ptqa. TypropHoe BaTHKeHie kt. coata- 

 jrEHiK) lie MoacerL 6bitl H3C^'BAOBauo bt> 3toh paSorE; a ^ojiateHTD noKa orpaanqHTtcfl tojibko 

 TypropHWMi AaBjeHiemt. OSpaTamca npeatAe Bcero kt> pa3CMOTp , BHiio ynoMaHyTbixT, BbiBie 

 c.iaraembixT> TypropHaro AaBJienia bt> OTATiJibBOCTB. 



C. OcivioTMHecKoe AaB/ieHie K/itTOMHaro cona h oKpywaromaro pacTBopa. 



OcwoTHqecKoe AaBJieme KjrEToqnaro cona BxoAnrb, KaKt Mbi bbaIsjib, bt> qncjio cuaraio- 

 bj,bxt> TypropHaro AaBJieHia, npn btomt. bt> 6ojibBjnncTB , E wryqaeBt cocTaBJiaerb ero rjiaBayio 

 qacTb, a ciitAOBaTejibao BMEeTL n Han6ojibmee 3aaqenie. HTO-ate Kacaexca Apyroro cjiaraiomaro 

 3Toro AaBJienifl, noeraBJieHHaro bt> 3arojioBK'E naparpa#a, to oho, KaKi> H3BicTH0, mohctt. 6biTb 

 BecbMa pa3JinqHO. Ct> oahob CToponbi BejiaqBHa ero HHiToatHa y OAHOKjrETHbixT> n HHTqaTqaTOKt, 

 acHBymnxT> bt> npicHon boa^, ct> Apyrofi CToponbi ona woaterL AOcraraTb BecbMa cojiBAHbix-b 

 pasM^poBi y pacTeniH cojioaqaKOBbix'L uohbi, b mopckhxt> BOAopocjen. 06a 3tb cflararomja 

 Typropnaro AaBJieHia, nam, mitiouxin OAnaaKOByio npnpoAy, yAoSH-fee Bcero pa3CM0TpiTb napaji- 

 jie.ibHO, qTo Mbi h CA"BJiaeMT). 



OcMOTnqecKoe AaBJieHie, KaKT> b3b-ectho, 3aBHcnrb npeaue Bcero ott> KOHHeHTpaniH 

 pacTBopa h TeMnepaTypbi. ToBopHTb o poA"B stob 3aBncHiuocTH, a TaKace o nonpaBKax-b, 

 KOTopwa AOJiaJHbi 6biTb BBeAeHbi bt> Hee 6jiaroAapH sjieKTpojiBTHqecKon AtfCcoaiaBiH h np., mfe 

 npeACTaBJiaeTca 3Af>cb hsjihoihumtj bt> BHAy o(5men3B'ECTHOCTH Bonpoca; no3TOMy a no3BOJiio 

 cefit TO.ibKO cocjiaTbCH na yqe6HBKH a Ha H-EKOTopbia hst. noc.rEABBX'b paoon> bi oSjiacTB 

 TypropHaro AaBJienia (cm. Hanp. Russelberghe, I, p. 32; II, p. 206; Lepeschkiu, I'm II). 

 Mafe KameTca aeoSxoAHMbiM'b ocTaHOBHTbca OAHaKO na pa36op r fc 3aBacnM0CTH ocMOTHqecnaro 

 AaBJienia oti> npoHaaaemocTH nepenoHKn a-hh pacTBopenHbix'b Bem,ecTBt, a TaKace na hbko- 

 Topbixt qacTHOCTaxt, KaKi. Hanp. Ha cjiyqat kjtetkb ct. 6ojibuiHMT> BJia3MaTnqecKBM , b coAep- 

 jKHMbiMt, Ha oco6eHBOCTax'L ocMOTaqecKoa cacTewbi TKaaefi pacTeaia, rA'b KJitTKH MoryTii 

 nojiyqaTb aeo6xoAaMyio A-Ja ocmoTaqecKaro AaBJieHia BOAy jihuib ott> cocbahbxt> ct> hhmh KJii- 

 toktj a t. n. J ). Bcfe iiepeaacjieHabie Bonpocbi HacKOJibKO mh"B H3BtcTao eui,e oqeHb Majio 



1) Kay«aep-B (F. Kaufler, Zeitschrift f. phys. 

 Chemie, 1903 Bd. 43 p. 686) nbiTaacH bt> nowfe^Hee 



BpeMH HaHTH MaTeMaTHHeCKyK) 3aBHCHM0CTb OCMOTHHe- 



CKaro AaBaeHia ott. kphbh3hh noBepxHOCTu >khakocth. 

 CorjacHO ero 3aKJiK)HeHiaMi> bt> K-itTKi h3t> u.eaJK)Jie3bi 

 fljia ocMOTHnecKaro paBHOBicin ct> HapywHtiMij pacTBO- 



P0MT> fl,OJI>KeHT> npHCyTCTBOBaTb HtKOTOptlH H36blT0K-b 



KOHD;eHTpariiH, AOCTHraromifi no BbiMHcaeHiant aBTopa 

 bi> BOJioKHi xjionna jijih amuniHOBofi KpacKii ct> MaaeKy- 

 jinpHUM-b b-bcomt. 600 ao l,2°/ (p. 693). He B^aBaacb 

 bt> noApofieyK) KpwTHKy AOKa3aTejibCTBT> aBTopa, saaitiy 



jiHoib, hto, AonyCKan BJiiflHia KpnBii3HU noBepxHOCTH 

 >khakocth Ha ocMOTiiHecKoe AaBJieHie bt> cmmctr aBTopa 

 mu npHSHaeun. cymecTBOBaHi'e perpetuum mobile. 



^•feficTBHTejibHO BOo6pa3HMT> cedt KatTKy H3T. n,en- 

 jiK)Jie3bi, HM-feiomyio OAHy CT-feHKy BbinyKJiyio, a ApyryK) 

 BorHyryK) (t. e. bt> paspisi HJiiiomyK) bha^ cepna). 

 BHyTpii KaiTKH 3a BunyKJioii ctbhkoB AOJiweHT. no 

 KaytJiepy npHcyTCTBOBaTb BcerAa H36biT0Ki Bem,ecTBa 

 HaAi> napywHUMt pacTBopoin., TorAa uaK-b 3a BorHyrofi 

 CTfiHKofi B-b KifBTKii WHAKOcTb 6yAeTT> MeH-fee KOH- 

 n,eHTpnpoBaHHan, qtirb cBapywu. TaKHMT> o6pa30in> bt> 



