8 



B. B. JTEnEmKHHt. H3CJI'BJI,0BAHIfl HAftT) OCMOTHqECKHMH 



o6pauiajiH Ha ceoa BHHMame *H3iojioroBT>, He CMOTpa Ha hxt> AaJieno HenocxEAHee 3naqenie 

 bt> yqema o Typropi KJiiTOK-b. 



1. BjiiaHie npoHnnaeMocTM iuia3iwaTiiHecK0M nepenoHKM Ann pacTBopenHbixt> BeiuecTBi Ha ocMOTMHe- 

 CKoe AaBJieme KJitTOHHaro coua m HapywHaro pacTBopa. 



KaKt 6bMO ynoMHHyTO bt> KpaTKOMt HCTopHqecKOM-b oqepK-fe, n*e*<i>ep , b noKa3ajn, hto 

 cbohctbo nepenoHKH He BJiiaerb Ha ocMOTHqecKoe AaBJieme, ecJiH He nponcxoAHTb 3K30CM03a 

 pacTBopeHHaro Bem,ecTBa, t. e. npn aScojuoTHon nojiynpoHnnaeMOCTH nepenoHKH. Bi a^hctbh- 

 TejitHocTH ace TaKHxx nepenoHOKi,, Kaia> noKa3ajin nosAHfJmifl nscjiiAOBaHia, He cymecTByerb. 

 IIo3TOMy h bt> onbiTax'L n*e<i><i>epa (Pfeffer, IV) ocMOTHqecKoe AaBjeHie npn pa3.iHqHbixt 

 ocaAoqHbix'b nepenoHKax^ noiyqajocb pa3jraqHbiMT> h bt> cymnocTn AOCTHrajio CBoeS TeopeTH- 

 qecKon" BejiHHHHbi TOJbKO npn BemecTBax-b Jia^o npoHHaaeMbix'b qepe3i nepenoHKH, Kant nanp. 

 caxapi, ryiuMH-apa6nKT> h. t. h., TorAa KWb HSBtcTHoe cooTnouienie, cymecTByiomee M«KAy 

 ocMOTHqecKHMT, AaBJiemeMij, KOHHeHTpauien, TeMnepaTypoii n t. n., oKa3biBa.iocb coBepineHHO 

 HenpeMBHHMbiMT) kt> ApyrnM7> BemecTBaMT). Bt. nocjitACTBin TaMMann-b (Tammann, II) Aona- 

 3ajn>, qTO TaKoa pe3yjibTaTT> onbiTOB-b n*e<i><i>epa 3aBncnjrb BCKJHoqnTejbHO orb npoHnnae- 

 mocth ocaAoqubix-b iiepenoHOK'L ajih Beni,ecTBT> pacTBopeHHbixt. Ilpa 3tomt> nocrfcAHHfl 0Ka3a- 

 jiacb am H3c^'EiiOBaHHbixT> hmt> cojien nacTOJibKo 3HaqnTejibHon, qTO He 6biJio unqero yAHBn- 

 TejibHaro bt> tomt>, qTO ocMOTHqecKoe AaBJiede bt> onbixaxx II*e<i><i»epa HHor.ua cocTOB.iajio 

 tojibko 75°/ — 50% ero TeopeTnqecKon" BejinqnHbi. 



OAHaKo npoHHuaeiuocTb jkhboh njia3MaTnqecKofi nepenoHKH, hobhahmomv, ne TaKi> BejMKa 

 KaK-b ocaAoqHon, HHaqe Ae-^pnsy (de-Vries, VI) lie yAa.iocb-6bi yeraHOBnTb ero h30tohh- 

 qecKHXi) Koe<i>#nHieHTOB'b npn noMomn njia3M0Jin3a, xan-b nam, BeJinqnHa noc.TBAHiix'b, nam, 



H3b£cTH0, OqeHb 6JIH3K0 HOAXOAHTb KT> TeopeTHqeCKOH. OcHOBblBaflCb n03T0MV Ha Aainn.ix'b 



Ae-^pnsa, n^eflxtepx npnxoAHTi kt> 3aKjiK)qeniK), qTO «n3M'feHenia njia3MainqecKoii nepe- 

 noHKH He MoryTL npon3BOAHTb cKOJbKo-HHoj'Ab 3naqnTe^bnbix^ K0Jie6anM AaBJienifl bt. jkhboh 

 kjibtkh)) (Pfeffer, IX, p. 304). 3to 3aKjnoqeHie II<i>c*<i>epa nacTOJibKo ynopennjiocb bt, ymaxT, 

 <&H3ioJioroB-b, qTO nocjrEAHie ptmajincb Hnorjia jryqme AonycnaTb KaKifl-nn6yAb TaniiCTBeniibia 

 CHJibi (IlaHTaHeJiJiH) hjih ?Ke cobcemi OTKa3biBaTbCH orh oS^ncHeiiifl HBienia (rn.ib6yprb), 

 qf>»rb naxoAHTbca Bi) npoTHBop-feqiH ct, TaKHMi, aBTopHreTOn^. nan^ fl'i'e'ix^ep'b (cm. rx III). 

 Tani KaKi HCKJHoqeHia He npeACTaBJiHerb n njia3MOJiH3npoBaHriaH KJiiTKa, to nocjifeAnin bhojh-b 

 nocji-BAOBaTejibHO saKJHoqaeT-b AaJiie, qTO ((oSi^eMi nja3MOJiH3HpoBaHHaro npoTOUJiacTa oeraeTCfl 

 npn HSM-BHeHiaxT, TeMnepaTypbi HeHsmtHebiMT,)). IIocji-EAHee nojoffienie OAnn^ H3"b yqeiiHKOB^ 

 n*e^*epa PHCcejb6epn> (Rysselberghe II) nbiTajicn name noAKpinnTb onbiTOMi, 

 HaSjHOAaa o6xeivn> njra3MOJin3HpoBaHHaro npoTon.iacTa kj-btokt, .ihctoboto snnAepMnca Tra- 

 descantia discolor npn HSM-EHeniH TeMnepaTypbi ct> 0° ao 10° C. (1. c. p. 216). TaKi, KaKi 

 Ha3BaHHbi2 o6-beMi ocTaBajicfl npn 3tomt> 6e3^ H3MiHeHia, to PnccejibSepr-b cqHTaen. 



cxfeiCTBiw fi,»<t>j3in o6bnxt MiHAKOCTefi 6yACTT> b4hho 

 uoAaep>KHBaTbca tok-b Beu;ecTBa iepe3ii BhinyKjyK) 



CTiHKy KT> BorByTofi h tokt> boam 4epe3T> BorHyTyro kt> 

 BuayKJiofi. 



