CBOMCTBAMH H TYITOPOM'b PACTHTEJIbHHX'b KJI'M'Oirb. 



17 



CHJifcHO yBejiH^HBaTtca (cm. unate), to uiuopupoeanie oMnuin en ua ocMomuuecnoe daojicuie 

 KjmmouHaio com u OKpyotcawinaio pacmeopa, KaKt bto A^JiaJiocb ao chxt> nopi> no upniwipy 

 n<i>ei>*epa, noKaJKerca Haiax no Kpannen MBpi uenpocmumeAbuoic omn6uou. 



2. BjiiaHie npomiuaeMOc™ n^a3niu m otfojioneia KJitToia jyia boaw Ha ocMOTusecKoe AaBJieHie 

 MtTOHHaro coRa w oco6eHHOCTM ocivKmmecKoii cucTeivibi TKaHeii pacTeHiii. 



KaKt 6buo yace ynoMHHyTo Bbiine n^e^^epx JiornqecKHM'b nyTeivii noKa3ajn>, mo 

 «ocMOTnqecKoe AaBJienie ne 3aBHCHTT> orb cocTaBa n TOJimnnbi nepenoHKH, ecjin He nponcxoAnn> 

 3K30CM0ca pacTBopeiiHbix'L Benj,ecTBT,» (Pfeffer, IX, p. 303). OAHaKo iiocjrEAHiH Bcer^a 

 coBepinaeTCH bt. 6ojibmen hjih MeHbinen cTeneHn; noaTOMy pa3yaueHieM^ n<i>e*4>epa (t. e. 

 ccbiJiKOW Ha perpetuum mobile) Hejib3a kt> coaKajiBHiio BOcnojib30BaTbCH ajw A0Ka3a r rejibCTBa 

 He3aBHCHMOCTH ocMOTnqecKaro AaBJieda orb npoHnnaeMOCTH nepenoHKH ajih boam. ^to no- 

 cxbahhh He BJiiaert OAnaKo Ha BejmqnHy ocMOTnqecKaro AaBJieHia, bhaho 03^ cjiBAywinaro 

 coo6pa?KeHia. 



OcMOTHqecKoe AaBJieHie Moamo pa3CMaTpHBaTb «KaKi pe3yjibTarb BcacbiBaHia h oSpaxHOH 

 •tHJibTpanin BOAbi H3X KXETKH» (Nageli, p. 373, Pfeffer, XV p. 126). Bt> MOMenrb aocth- 

 atenia B r b kji-etk-e MaKcnmajibnaro AaBJieHia, OTBtqaiomaro TeopeTnqecKOH BejinqnH'E, CKopocTb 

 BcacbiBaHia A'BJiaexca paBnofi ckopocth oSpaTHon *njibTpanin boabi. Ilpn HSM-BiieHin npoHnnae- 

 mocth nepenoHKH ajih boam ckopocth 0600x13 ABHmeHia BCJi^ACTBie paBencTBa hxt> HSMSHaioTca 

 OAHHanoBo; TaKHMi o6pa30MT>, ne CMOTpa Ha nswEHeme npoHnnaeMOCTH, paBHOBicie He Hapy- 

 maeTca h AaBJienie bt> kji'etk'e ocTaeica TBurb-ate. CxEAOBaTeJibHO BejraqnHa npoHnnaeMOCTH 

 nepenoHKH ajih BOAbi He OTpaa^aeTca na ocMOTnqecKOMi AaBJieHin : ). Ecjih MaKcnMajimaa BeJin- 

 qima ocMOTaqecKaro AaBJieHia ne 3aBncnrL oti Bejinqnabi npoHnnaeMOCTH nepenoHKH ajih boah, 

 to Hejib3a Toro-ate cKa3aTb pasyivrfceTca o AaBJienin, HarEiomeMCH bt> kji'etk'e bt> npoMeacy- 

 ToqHbie MOMenTH, Koi'Aa BcacbiBaHie eni,e Sojibine THJibTpanin. BejinqnHa TaKoro AaBJieHia 

 qepe3T> onpeA'EJieHHbiH npoMemyTOKT. BpeivieHH, npoTeKinin nocjrB Haqaja BcacbiBaHia, AOJiatHa 

 HeopeMtHHO 3aBHCBTb TaKate orb npoHHnaeiviocTn nepenoHKH AJia BOAbi, iiOTOMy qTO qBMi> 

 6ojbme 3Ta nponnnaeMOCTb, temt, Jiyqme hacti BcacbiBaHie n TiMt CKopie pacTeTi, ocmoth- 

 qecKoe AaBJieme 2 ). He TpyAHO BHA'BTb noaTOMy, qTO BHAHMoe ocMoraqecKoe AaBJieHie 6yAerb 



3aBHCBTb TaKate H OTX npOHMUieMOCTn AM BOAbi KJI-BTOqHOH oSojioqKH. 



Tojibko qTO CKa3aHHoe HMteTi 3iiaqeHie r.naBHbiM'b o6^Si30M r b Kb npHMfiHeHiH kt> TKa- 

 hhmT) pacTeHifi, HaxoAain,HMca nnorAa BT. 3HaqH r rejibH0Mi OTAajieHin oti M^CTa BcacbiBaHia 



BOAbi. 



1) IIpeAnojiaraeTCH hohhtho, hto npoHHu,aeMOCTb ne- 

 penoHKu Kant bt> Ty TaKt h bt> ^pyryio CTopoHy OA«Ha- 

 KOBa (Pfeffer, IX, p. 303) nan no KpaiiHett iwEp-E h3m4- 

 HHexca oftHHaKOBO; HHane ocMOTH4ecKoe a,aBJieHie 3aBH- 

 chttj ott> npoHHn,aeMOCTM nepenoHKH ajih boabi. 



2) Xoth 0CM0THiecKHMi> AaBJieHieMt HasHBaioT-B Te- 

 nept MaKcuMajitHoe AaBJieHie, o6pa3yiom,eecfl Bt k.i'etk'b, 

 ho TaKoro A^BJieHiH bt. A'BHCTBnTeaBHOCTH He noJiyiaji'B u 

 II * e <i> * e p t>, t. k. OKOHnaTeJitHyK) BeawiiiHy A^BJieHiH 



3au. $ii3.-MaT. Oi^. 



emy npaxoAnaoct b-b BH^y MeA-neHHOCTH BcacbiBaHia bbi- 

 qucjiaTB Ha ocHOBaHin ckopocth noAHflTin MeHHCKa wb 

 Tpy6KB (Pfeffer, IV). floaTOiay mojkho BcaKoe AaBJieHie, 

 o6pa3yiomee bte> kji'Etk'b Ha3BaTB ocMOTHnecKHM-B. Mbi 

 dy^eia-B oAHaKO Ha3BiBaTB tojibko oKOHHaTejiBHyio Bejia- 

 HHHy ocMOTHHecKaro AaBJieHia sthm'b nMeHeMi>, nposie- 

 jKyTOHHyio we, pacTymyro ero BeJiHMHHy 6yAeMT> Ha3BiBaTB 

 euduMUMZ ocMomuiecKmn daeAeniem. 



3 



