30 B. B. JEnEDIKHH'b. H3CJH1AOBAHIJI HAAT> OCMOTH1ECKHMH 



2). TypropHoe AaBJieme bt> kji'btk'E, HMiiomen BaKyojin (t. e. KaKi> 3to cjiyiaeTca Bcero 

 qame), cjiaraeTCfl b^ oSm.eM'b cjiyiai; H3t a) ocMommecmio daeAeuia KJitToiHaro com, 

 b) ocMOTHiecKaro AaBJiema c-Kpyofcawiyeu KJitray oicudKocmu h c) wnrnpaAhHaio daejieuin. 

 IlepBoe AaBJieme HanpaBJieHO kt> nepH*epia kjibtkh, BTopoe h TpeTte ki n,eeTpy BaKyojiea 



DOCJI'BAHeH. 



3) ECJIH BT> KJIBTKB HaXOASTCfl HBCKOJIbKO MB MBOrO BaKyOJieH, TO BCt OH'E AOCTaBJIHKrrb 



oaho h TO-ace Typropeoe AaBJieme, cjiaraiomeeca h3t> a) ocinoTHiecKaro AaBJieHia OKpyiKawmee 

 atnAKOCTH (3HaKt MHHyci), b) ueHTpajibHaro AaBJieeia, npoB3BOAHMaro HapyatHofi noBepxHOCTbw 

 njia3Mbi (MHHyeb) h c) pa3H0CTH ocMOTHiecKaro AaBJiema coKa h n,eHTpaJibHaro AaBJieHia BHyT- 

 peHHefi noBepxHOCTH jho6oh h3t> BaKyojieH (hjhocb). 



4) flaejieuie pa36yxauia u ocMomunecKoe daeAeuie Moryrb B03HHKeyTt TOJibKO bt> otceAa- 

 muH03uuxz (t. e. TBepAbixi) qacTaxi) njia3Mbi, npa qewb o6a AaBJieHia ez KArbmmxz cz eanyo- 

 jihmu He HM'feioT'b uuKdKoio 3Haneuia pa Typropuaro AaBJiema. 



5) OcMomuHewia daeaeuia KJiiTO^Haro cona h OKpyataiomaro pacTBopa 3aeucnmz He 

 TO-ibKO orb KOHHeHTpauiH, TeMnepaxypbi h ajuieKTpojiHTHqecKOH AnccoaiaHin, ho TaKate bt> 

 6ojbEQOH RiipT) omz npouuuaeMocmu njiasMUTuqecKaro MtinKa KJiiTKH 3ah pacmeopeunuxz 

 bt> Evix-b eeiyecmez, bt> afeKOTopbixx ate cjiyqaax-b (TKaHn) ocMoraqecKoe AaBjieHie cona 3aBH- 

 chtt> TaKace orb npoHnaaeMOCTH dun eodu o6ojiohkh h njia3MaTHqecKaro MimKa KaKi> AaHHOH 



KJITjTKH TaKT> H KJTLTOKl HOABOAHin.HX'b KT> Hefi BOAy. 



6) BejinqnHa neHTpajibHaro AaBJieda ajia kji-etokx Handojite qacTO BCTp-EHawmnxca pa3- 

 MtpoBi KOJieSieTca MeatAy 0,014 h 1,4 a™oc*epaMH h oieHb Majo H3Jif>HaeTca hoat> BJiia- 

 HieMi TeMnepaTypHbixi> KOJie6aHin. 



7) Bt> KJiiTKaxi, He coAepacain.BX'b BaKyoien, TypropHoe AaBJieirie cjiaraeTca h3T> 

 a) daeAeuia pa36yxauin 0fceAamuH03Hbixz (tie atHAKHX'b) qacTefi njia3Mbi, b) ocMommecKato 

 daeAeuin eemecmez, pacTBopeHHbixi bt> coAepasamenca ez nocjiiAHHX'b eodn>, h c) ocjuomme- 

 ckclio AaBJieHia otcpyoicawutazo pacTBopa. 



8) TaKi) KaKi> pasM^pbi BaKyo^eH MoryT-b JieataTb 3a npeA^JiaMH yBejuBqeoifl MnnpocKona, 

 to He BcerAa yAaeTca pimHTb name h3t> npnBeAeHHbixi AByxi cjiyiaeBi 2) hjih 7) HyatHO 

 npHMf»HHTb, KorAa mhkpockoht> He oeHapyacHBaeTX BaKyojefi. Ilpn TaKHxi> MajibiXT> BaK - yojiflXT> 

 ocMOTnqecKoe AaBJieme hxt> cona mohho upHHHTb paBHbiMT> cyMMt AaBJieHifi pa36yxaHia a 

 ocMOTaqecKaro AaB^eHia njia3Mbi, a cji'EAOBaTejbHO ct> H3B'ECTHbiM'b npH6jiHateHieMT> pa3CMaTpn- 

 Baib KfETKy, KaKT> He coAepacamyio BaKyojefi. 



9) BaKyojin bt. kji'btk'E MoryTx o6pa30BaTbca jinuib okojo TBepAaro rfejia hjih KanjiH 

 atHAKocTH, He ciwEmHBaiomeHca ci> boaoh. BejinsHHa nocjiBAHHX'b MoateT-b KOJie6aTbca b-b 

 npeA^Jiaxx 0,1 n 0,001 MHKpoHa. 



