24 



B. r0HA3HEEBH1'L. 



B03M03KHOCTB nepeXOAa COKpaTHMBIX'b BOJIOKOH'B BT> COeAHHnTeJBHO-TKaHHBIfl H 3JVECB 



BnojiH-fe AonycTHMa. HapyatHaa o6ojioiKa y Opilio onpainnBaeTca no van Gieson'y bt> KpacHBin 

 HBiTt; OAHaKO, npn cmbhomT) yBejiaqeHin bhaho, qTo, cpeAH Tah"b OKpamenHbix'B bojiokohi, 

 HaxoAflTca TaKJKe h BOJioKHa, oKpameHHBia Bt acejrrbiii HBtrb. 



Kojbn,eBaa mycKyjiaTypa coctohtt> n3T> xopomo pa3BnTbix:b nonepeqHo - no.iocaTBixT> 

 MycKyjibHbixi bojiokohi. CapKOJieMMa nxt noqra coBepraenno He oTCTaeTB otb KomnaKTHBix^ 

 nyiKOBt coKpaTHMBixi) *H6pnjuiefi h OKpyacaerb hxt, co bclxt> ctopobt,. 3th OTHoniemH oqeHb 

 nanoMHHawT'B onncaHHbia y cnopnioHa. Eojibinoe OTJinqie ott> Bctx'b BbiineonncaHHbix'b *opMi> 

 npeACTaBisHDT'B HApa bojiokoh'b KOJibueBon MycKyjiaTypbi. Ha nonepeqHOM-b pa3pB3t qepe3T> 

 cepAHe (pnc. 23) mbi bhahm'b, cHMMeTpHqHO pacnojioJKeHHbia ea npaBon h jrfcBon CTopoHt cepAna. 

 no OAHOMy Ha KaatAoii, Sojibinia HApa, KOTopbia 6ojite n.iH iuenf>e CHJibHO BbiAaiOTCfl 

 bt> nojiocib cepAua. OSbiKHOBeHuo HApa jieauTL Ha BHj^TpeHHen noBepxnocTH coKpamMbixi 

 4>H6pMJieH, HHorAa ate BCTpiqaroTca h no cpeAHHt hxt>. Kpowt 3thxt> a^epi., HHKaKBX'b 

 ApyrHxi> bt> BOJiOKaaxi He BCTpiqaeTca. Co6cTBeHHO Kaauoe bojiokbo (eon pa3C&iaTpn- 

 BaTb, ^to cepABe cocTaBJieHo reueTHqecKn B3i ab} 7 xt> phaob-b Ayroo6pa3Hbixi bojiokohtj, 

 KOTopbia pacnojioaceHbi coBepineHHO CHMMeTpnqHO no npaBon n ji tBon cropoHi cepAua n 

 coeAHaawTca rueatAy co6oio Ha SpronmoH h cbhhhoh MeAiajibHon .ranin) nMieT-b oaho HApo. 

 Ecjih Ha pasptsi nonaAaexcfl HHorAa n no ABa HApa Ha oahoh CTopoHt, to 3to nponcxo- 

 AHtt>, SjiaroAapa BejraqnBf> aAepx, npnqeM'b «Apo Hnace.iea;amaro BOJioKHa 3axBaTbiBaeTca 

 pa3p"B30MTj. 3to ocoSeBHo qacTO Ha6jiK)AaeTca, ecan pa3pt3"b npon3BeAenT> nicnojibKO koco 

 (pnc. 24). 



Hto KacaeTca nonepeqHoii nojiocaTOCTH KOJibiieBon niycbyjiaTypbi, to Mbi bhahm'b 3Atcb, 

 noAO^HO KaKi> n y onncanHbix'b Bbime *opjix, He TnnnqHO BbipaaceHHyjo nonepeqHyto nojioca- 

 TOCTb, «atypiscke Querstreifung». Ona coctohtt. H3t> qepeAyromnxcfl CBiTJibixT> h TeMHbixi> 

 Ahckobi. y 3toh 4>opMbi xopomo Ha6\iiK)AaeTCH yqacTie capKOJieMMw bt> o6pa30BamH nonepeq- 

 hoh nojocaxocTH (pnc. 24, 26 q. sar.). KaKT> bhaho Ha nonepeqHbix'b pa3p-E3axT> (pnc. 25 u: s.) 



capKOJieMMa o6pa3yeTi> paBHOMipHbia BOJ!Hoo6pa3- 

 Hbia cKJiaAKH, H3T. KaatAaro yrjiyojeHia KOTopbixT> 

 OTXOAaTT. TOHKia iiojiockh. 3th nocji BAHia njin cjh- 

 BawTca ch TeMHOio nojiocKOK) co6cTBeHHon none- 

 peqaofi nojiocaTOCTH i»H6pHJweH, hjih ate npoxoAHTB 

 no cpeAHH-fe hxt. — Tanate, KaKi, 3to Ha6JiK)AaJiocb 

 h y CKopnioHa. 



SHAOTejiiaJibHbixTj o6pa30Baain bi cepAHt 

 Opilio a He Ha6jnoAajrb. 



KmnaHbi (pnc. 7 bt> TeKCTt), oTrpaHnqn- 

 Bawmie hojioctb cepAna ott. aopTbi 3HaqnTejibH0 

 pa3HHTca OTb TaKOBbixi, y Apyrnxi, apaxHOHAt- BepxHig KJianaHi. (o. kl.) npeACTaBiaeTi. 

 co6ok) A-BHHHyK) HiacTHHKy, AaJieKo BbiCTynawmyK) b-l uojiocTb aopTbi, n A'BHCTByioniyH) KaKi, 



Pnc. 7. npofl,o.ii>Htiii pa3pi3i> Hepe3i> nepeAHioio 



i iacTt cepfl.ua h nacTt aopTKi y Opilio; o. Id. — 



BepxHifi KJianaHi,; u. Id. — HHWHifi KJianaHt ; h. I. — 



noaocTB cepAn,a. (y"Be.i. npa6. 150 pa3T.). 



