HoBOPOCClffCIUJI BOPA. 25 



cHiuyMOBx, nepeineAiuHxx bx Pocciio cl CKanAHHaBCKaro nojiyoexpoBa hjih H3X CpeAneii 

 EBpoubi, 7 6opx o6ycjioBJiHBajiHCb anTHUHKJioHaMH ypajibCKaro nponcxoHCAenia h 2 — noiap- 



HblMH. 



H3x 3anaAHbixx ManeHMyMOBX CKaHAHHaBCKie Bbi3biBajin oopy, nor^a nepeM'fcmajincb bx 

 npnSajiTincKifl hjih 3anaAHbia ry6. ; OTCioAa ohh oSbiKiiOBeuHO iepe3x cpeAHia ry6. npoxoAHJin 



IipflMO Ha BOCTOKX-K)rO-BOCTOKX, H TOJibKO OAHHX H3X HHXX, AOHAH AO HHHCHeH BoJirH, nOBep- 



nyjix ofipaTHO h npomejn> Ha EajiKaHCKin nojiyocTpoBX. CpeAHeeBponeficKie MaKCHMyMbi npoxo- 

 Abtx HtcKOJibKO K»KH'Ee no TOMy ate HanpaBJieHiio ; npnaTOMX bx 0AH0M r b cjiyqab 6opa HaqaJiacb, 

 uorAa nenTpx MancHMyMa HaxoAHJica eme bhe Poccih, ho BbicoKoe AaBJieuie pacnpocTpanajiocb 

 yace h Ha roacHbia ryo. OKaHqHBajracb 6opbi ex nepeM'fcm.eHieMx MaKCHMyMOBx 3a Bojiry. 



CxxepHbie h ypajibCKie MaKCHMyMbi npn CBoeMX qpe3BbiqanHO cnjibHOMx pa3BHTin (Sbua cjiy- 

 nan, ito AaBJieHie B03Ayxa bx hxx n.eHTp'B aoxoahjioao798mm.) Bbi3biBaiOTX bx HoBopoccificKB 

 oopy, KorAa hxx Henrpbi naxoAHTca ein,e Ha OKpanHaxx EBponbi; cuaqajia ohh HanpaBJiaiOTca 

 bx cpeAHia ry6., rA"B ABHateHie hxx 3aMeAJiaeTca, npnqeMX nyra hxx oopa3yK)Tx neuiH, t. e. 

 nepBOHanajibHoe HanpaBJieHie ABHHtema H3Mf,HaeTCH Ha o6paTHoe, h 3ar£Mx ohh yAajiaioTca TaKate 

 Ha boctokx hjih loroBOCTOKX. Bo Bee Bpeiua npeobiBania MaKCHMyMOBx bx cpeAHen nojiocfe bx 

 HoBopoccincKt CBBpincTByeTX (5opa, ex nepeMimenieMX ate aHTnn,HKJiOHOBx 3a Bojiry, oopa 

 o6biKHOBeHHO npeKpamaeTca. 



Bx o6m,eMx HeTpyAHO saM^THTx, hto onacabia nojioateHia nenrpoBx aHTHHHKJioHOBx 3hmoh 

 HanSojite techo rpynnnpyioTca bx cpeAHHXx ryo\, TaKX hto, ecjin onpeA^JiHTb cpeAHee nojio- 



HteHie aHTHHHKJIOHOBX, BbI3blBaK)Hj;HXX 3HM0H BX HOBOpOCCiHCKE 6opy, TO OHO HOJiyiHJIOCb Obi 



bx neHTpajibHbixx ry6. 



Beceuuie aHTHHHKJiOHbi, ooycjiOBJiHBaBmie 6opy, bx oGmeMx a^-ibtch Ha 2 rpynnbi : 6 — 

 3anaAHOH CHCTeMbi h 3 — boctohhoh; ho, KpoMX Toro, oahhx MaKCHMyMx bo3hhkx bx oaccefiHi; 

 BepxHea Bojirn, a apjtoh noaBHJica ex HepHaro Mopa. H3x BOCTO^Hbixx MaKCHMyMOBx HanSo- 

 jif>e 3aMxqaTejibHbi ABa: B03HHKmiH na Ypajix bx MaprE 1892 r., KOTopbin npouiejix no cpeA- 

 Hefi nojioct> ao BajmncKaro aiopa h 3arEMx onycxHJica bx CpeAHioio EBpony, h MaKCHMyMx, 

 npoxoAHBmin 6 — 12 MapTa 1898 r.; noAX BJiianieMX sthxx MaKCHMyMOBX npoH3omjiH caMbia 

 CHJibHbia H3x BeceHHHXx 6opx bx HoBopocciHCK'fe. 3anaAHbie MaKCHMyMbi hmxjih HanpaBJieHie 

 BOo6m,e Ha loroBOCTOKX, h tojibko oahhx H3X huxx, aohah iioith ao ycTbeBx /I,0Ha, noBepHyjix 

 OTCioAa iepe3x ioroBOCToqHbia ry6epmH kx Ypajiy. OnacHbie neHTpbi, Kanx h shmoh, qaui,e 

 crpynnnpoBaHbi bx cpeAHHxx rySepHiaxx. 



H3X Aibmuuxh RiaKCHMyiuoBX Bet, Kpoiwt OAHoro, o6pa30BaBuiaroca bx 03epH0H o6jiacTH, 

 6biJiH 3anaAHoeBponeHCKaro nponcxoacAeHia ; nempbi hxx iipeHMym,ecTBeHHo pacnojiarajincb bx 

 3anaAHbixx h K)ro3anaAHbixx rySepmaxx; TOJibKO oahhx MaKCHMyMx aouicjix ao roroBoeroKa, 

 o6yejiOBJiHBaa bx HoBopocciHCKt oopy, bx npoinxx cjiyqaaxx oopa nponexoAHJia npn nojiome- 

 Hia neHTpoBX MaKCHMyiwoBX sanaAH'fee 40° MepHAiana otx rpHimnqa. 



HaKOHeux H3X ocenuuxz 6opx 3Ha i iHTejibH0 oojibuiaa nacTb 3a pa3CMarpHBaeMoe AecaTH- 

 ji-BTie o6ycjiOBJiHBajiacb TaKa;e 3anaAUbiMH MaKCHMyiuaiun, h TOJibKO neTBepTb 6opx upoH30iiuia 



3»u. *H».-MaT. Ota. 4 



