Apyrax-b tepmometpobi bt> hhkojiaeb. rjiABn. qhbitogb. obcepbatopm ct> 1869 no 1901 r. 1 1 



npH i iHHbi, KaKi. noBbiiueHie hjih noHnatenie TeinnepaTypbi, He upnHHMarorb tohho cbohxt> nepBO- 

 HaqajbHbixt nojioatemH, Koi\a,a 3th npHHHHbi nepecTajiH A^HCTBOBaTb, h ooieM-b rfeja ocTaeTca 

 6oJiBe bjih MeHte npoAOJiatHTejibHoe BpeMH yBCJiHHeHHbiMT> hjih yMeHbiueHHbiM'b. — Catarie co 

 BpenieaeM^ pe3epByapa TepMOMeTpa Kpa^TCb 1 ) oGxacHaerb hmchho cjiiAyiouinM-b o6pa30M%: 

 HacTHUbi CTeKJia, cnjibHO pa3ABHHyTbin npn BbiAyBaHin pe3epByapa, B03Bpam,aioTCfl bx cBoe nop- 

 MajibHoe nojioatenie, cooTBtTCTBywmee AanHoii uH3uien TeMnepaiyp-fe, ue cennacb, a nocTeueuHo, 

 Mepe3i> Sojiie hjih MeHte npoAOJUKHTejibHoe BpeMH, orb nero h nojiynaeTCH nocTeneHHoe noBbi- 

 ineHie eyjieBOH tohkh TepMOMeTpa. Ecjih HOBbin TepMOMexp-b noABepraTb AtHCTBiio BbicoKon reM- 

 nepaTypbi (Haup. 355°), to, AaBaa HacTHuaMT* deKJia Sojibiuyio noABHWHOCTb, mm cnoco6cTByeM"b 

 B03BpameHiio hxt> bt> HopaiajibHoe nojioaseHie h Bbi3MBaeMi coKpameHie o6i>eMa; ho CTeKJio 

 BCflKin pa3i>, npn iiocjitAyK)ui,eMT>3aT'EMi6bicTpoM^oxjiaH(AeHiH,yAepwHBaeTT>OTqacTHTopa3M'B- 

 m,eHie cbohxtj nacTHirB, Koropoe cooTBtrcTByeTTj TeMnepaTyp-fe (355°), ao KOTopon TepMOMeTpa 

 6bun> Harptrb, — MeAJieHHoe me oxjiaatAeHie cuocoocxByerb nocieneHHOMy B03BpameHiK) qacTHu,!. 

 BT> HopwajibHoe nojoateHie, oho AOJiatHo noaTOiuy AaTb uaH6ojibuiee upnSjiHaieHie kt> HopMajibHOMy 

 coctohhih) CTeKJia h, SjiaroAapa 3TOMy, h HaH6"ojibuiee hoctohhctbo HyjieBOH tohkh TepMOMeTpa. 

 3to cbohctbo CTeKJia BecbMa BajKHo ajih npaKTHKH. CnjibHoe HarpiBame h nocjifcAyiomee 

 sarfeM-b BecbMa MeAJieHHoe oxjiaaueHie, AOHaHecema uiKajibi, BBeAeHbi B-b npaKTHKy bt> HOBtauiee 



BpeMH H3rOTOBHTeJIHMH XEMBHeCKHXTj TepMOMeTpOBT>, HT06bI yCTpaHHTb HOBblUieHie HyjieBOH 



tohkh. 3to HMieTij tbm^ 6ojJbmee 3HaneHie, hto noBbiuieHie HyjieBOH tohkh conpoBoatAaerca 

 H3MtHeHieM'b K03*4>ou,ieHTa pacniHpeHifl CTeKJia h, BCibACTBie 3Toro, H3M-BHeHieMT> npoMeatyTKa 

 MeacAy ocHOBHbiMH ToinaMH TepMOMeTpa. 



4. Bpen/ieHHbifl noHnmeHm Hy/ieBOM tohkh pTyTHaro TepMOMeTpa. 



Ecjih 0TM"BTHTb H0Ka3aHie pTyTHaro TepMOMeTpa bt> Tatoin,eMT> JibAy nocjrfe Toro, KaKi> 

 oht> HaxoAHJica oojiie hjih MeHie npoAOJiatHTejibHoe BpeMH npn oahoh h toh ate TeMuepaTypt, 

 Hacp. npn KOMHaTHofi, 3aTtMT> TepMOMeTp-b HOABeprHyTb ua KopoTKoe BpeMH A'EHCTBiio Bbicuieii 

 TCMnepaTypbi h TOTHacb nocjit 3Toro BCTaBHTb ero onflTb bt> Taiomiii JieAt, to HyjieBaa TOHKa 

 TepMOMeTpa, OTCHHTaHHaa TOTHacb ate, oKaateTCH Hf>CKOJibKO noiiHateHHOio, — oua oyAerb CTOHTb 

 HtcKOJibKO Hnate, h-em-l bi ^epBOM^ cjiyHat. 3to HOHHateHie (Aenpeccia) HyjieBOH tohkh Hcqe3aeTi 



y OAHHXT. TepMOMeTpOBl B^ H'tCKOJIbKO AHefi, y ApymXl JIHIHb BT> H'tCKOJlbKO MtCHUCBl, HpH HeMl 



CHaqajia uoBbimeHie HyjieBOH tohkh HponcxoAHTb cpaBiiHTejibno CKopo, hotom-b MeAJieHHoe. 



3to noHHateHie HyjieBOH tohkh BCJiiACTBie KpaTKOBpeMeimaro uarp-feBaHifl h cpaBHHTe.ibHo 

 SbiCTpoe Hcne3aHie ero no cymecTBy ToatAecTBemibi ch ocTaToniibiMi paciunpeHieM^ pe3epByapa 

 TepMOMeTpa BCJitACTBie HarptBaHia cieKJia ao pa3MflrHeHin npn H3roTOBJieuin TepMOMeipa n ci 

 nocji'BAyiouj.HM'b saTtMij HOBbiuieHieM'b HyjieBOH tohkh bi TeneHie BecbMa AOJiraro BpeMeHH. 



1) Crafts. Sur la cause dea variations des points fixes dans les tbermometres. Comptes Rendus 1880. 



2* 



