24 



I. miKEBEni'L, TEPMOMETPHqECKia H3CJI'BAOBAHIH H HOBSPKA METEOPOJIOrHIECKHXT. H 



BnepBbie o6paTHjn> BHnMame Ha to, ^to noBbimeme HyjieBofi tohkh BCJiiACTBie cnjibHaro n npo- 

 AOJiffiHTejiBearo HarpiBaHia TepMOMeTpa conpoBoatAaeTca 3HaqnTejitHbiMT. yBejinaemeMi ochobhoh 

 pa3H0CTH h hto 3to cjitAyeTi npHnncaTb yMeHbineHiio K034>*nnieHTa pacmnpeHia CTeKJia. Oht> 

 uojiyqHJTi nocjif> npoAOJiacHTejibHaro Harpf>Bama 7 TepMOMeTpoBT. ao 355° noBbiineeie Hyjie- 

 BbixT> TOieKt cpeAHBMTb ihcjiomT) Ha 18°3 h yBejinqeme ocHOBHbix-b pa3H0CTen Ha 0°67. 



Bnfie 1 ) noBTopMi sth onbiTbi h noJiyiHjrb cpeAHee yBejiaqeme ocHOBHbixT. pa3HOCTen 

 Ha 0°36 npn cpeAHeMi noBbimemH ayjieBbixt ToqeKT> Ha 12°9. 



YBejiHieHie ochobhoh pa3H0CTH BCJif>ACTBie cnjibaaro HarptBaHia cjiEAyeTi. npnnncaTb 

 o^HaKO He T<MbKO yMeHbmeHiK) K034>4>Hn,ieHTa pacninpema CTeiua, ho OTqacTH TaKH;e yiweHb- 

 meHiro oSieiua KanHJiJiapHoii Tpyo"KH, HBJieHiio ToatAecTBenHOMy ct> yMeHbuiemeMt oSxeMa pe3ep- 

 Byapa. Ha 3Ty BTopyio npnqnHy jKasa.i'h BnepBbie rnjibOM-b 2 ). IIpeAnojioaceHie ero non,TBepJK- 

 AeHO oiibiTaMH BoA3Ha 3 ), E3i> KOTopbixt MoatHO TaKace 3aKjnoqHTb, hto yBejinqeme ochobhoh 

 pa3HOCTH nponopnjoHajibHO noBbimemK) HyjieBoii ToqKH h hto noBbnnemio HyjieBofi to^kh Ha 1° 

 cooTBiTCTByeTi yBeJinqede ochobhoh pa3H0CTH Ha 0°03. 



ynOMBHyTbia H3M r EHeHia HyjieBbIXT> TOqeKT> H OCHOBHblXT. pa3H0CT8H TepMOMeipoBi Ha6jno- 



AajHCb nocjit cMbHbix'L h npoAOjatHTejibHbix'b Harp'EBamH TepMOMeTpoBi. Kpa*TCT> 4 ) yKa3ajn> 

 TaKace Ha to, ito BCJiT>ACTBie HarpiBama TepMOMeTpa, AOBeAeHHaro TOJibKO ao 100°, nojiy- 

 HHTca TaKace yBejiHqeme ochobhoh pa3HOCTH, ecjra nyjieBaa TOHKa noBbicnjiacb. OcHOBaTejib- 

 HOCTb 3Toro npeAnojioaieHia AOKa3aHa bt> HOBtninee Bpeiwa onbiTaMH, npoa3BeAeHHbiMH bt> 

 «Physikalisch-Technisch. Reichsanstalt» HaAT> 8 rjiaBHbiMH HopMajibHbiMH TepMOMeTpaMn, h3t> 

 KOTopbixx 2 6wjiH H3t <i>paHay3CKaro TBepAaro CTeKJia (verre dur) h 6 h3t> HopMajibHaro IeH- 

 CKaro CTeKJia 5 ). IIojiyqeHO, BCxfeACTBie npoAOJiacHTejibHaro A^HCTBia TeMnepaTypw bt> 110°, 

 cpeAHee noBbimeHie HyjieBbixi. ToqeKT> Ha 0°07 h yBejirneme ocHOBHbixi. pa3H0CTen Ha 0°009. 

 Ecjih B3HTb OTHOUieHie 3thxt> qncejn>, to noBbmiemio HyjieBOH toikh Ha 1° cooTBiTCTByerb 

 yBejinqeme ochobhoh pa3HOCTH Ha 0°129! 



CiipamHBaeTca Tenepb, nojiyqHTca jih y TepMOMcrpa yBejinqeme ochobhoh pa3H0CTH, ecjin 

 nyjieBaa ToqKa ero noBbicnjiacb ott> BpeMean, npn o6biKHOBeHHbix , L TeMnepaTypaxt? Mbi ckjiohhbi, 

 otbethtb Ha sto yTBepAHTejibHO. Bo BcaKOMT> cjiyqa'fe, cji^AyeTt noKa hiwetb bt> BHAy B03M0H- 

 hoctb TaKoro H3MT>HemH ochobhoh pa3H0CTH. TaKT> KaKt y HOBaro TepMOMeTpa mi, TBepAaro 

 CTeKJia hjih H3i HopMajibHaro IeHCKaro CTeKJia HyjieBaa TOHKa MoaceTi) co BpeMeHeMt noBbi- 

 CHTbca na 0°1, a 3TOMy noBbimeniK) HyjieBofi to^kh cooTBtTCTBOBajio 6bi yBejinqeHie ochobhoh 

 pa3H0CTH Ha 0°013, to ne TpyAHo 6yAerb ptuiHTb co BpeMeHeMT. nocTaBjieHHbiH Bonpocb. 



1) Wiebe. Ueber die Bewegungen der Fundamental- 

 punktc von Thermometem. Metronomische Beitrage. 

 J^ 3. 1881. 



2) Guillaume. Traite pratique de la thermometrie 

 de precision. 1889. 



3) Baudin. Comptes Rendus. 1893. 



4) Crafts. Les Meaures thermometriques. Bull. Soc. 

 Chim. 1882. 



5) Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen der Pbys. Techn. 

 Reichsanstalt. Baud. I, 1894. 



