26 I. UiyitEBHIT), TEPMOMETPA l l EC KM WdCJlfifiiiBKRlH H HOB'BPKA METEOPOJIOrHqECKHXT) H 



Kaui) sanp. npn noBipK-fe TepniOMeTpoBT., to o6paTHM-b BHHMame Ha to, hto KaatAoe Tanoe 

 H3MtpeHie TewnepaTypbi coctohtt> h3t> AByxq> OTcqeTOBi,: OTcqeTa npn H3M-EpHeMon Teiwne- 

 paTyp-B h 0TC4GTa npn 0°. Ecjih 06a OTcqeTa CA'kJiauM npn oahomt. h tomt> Hie BHEinnewb AaB- 

 JieHie, to mbi MOJKeM'b nxi n He npHBecin k-b HopMajiMioniy AaBJieHho, Tant Kant, 6epa pa3H0CTt 

 MeatAy o6ohmh oTcqeTaMH, Mbi ncKjaoqaeMT) sthmt. BJiiame BHinuHnro AaBJieHia m TepMOMeTpa. 

 Ilpn onpeATJieHiflX'b B-b HnKOJiaeBCKofi TjiaBHon <3>H3nqecK0H OScepBaTopin nonpaBOKx o6mkho- 

 BeuHaro HopMajibHaro TepMOMeTpa, npeAHa3Haqeimaro ajih noBipKH MeTeopojiornqecKHx-b Tepiio- 

 MeTpoBi), HyjieBaa ToqKa ero OTcqaTMBaercH TOTqaci nocjit cjinqema ero ct rjiaBHbiMT> nop- 

 MajibHbiMt TepniOMeTpoMi. Ilpn 3tomt> mohcho npeHeopeqb H3Mf>neHieM'b AaBJiema B03Ayxa, no 

 ero He3HaqHTejibHOCT0. OcTaeTca TOJibKO npHHATb bo BHHMaHie pa3H0CTb MejKAy AaBJieHieMi 

 Taiomaro JibAa n AaBJiedeM'b hchakocth (boam hjih conpTa), bt> KOTopofi cjinqeme 6mjio npon3Be- 

 AeHO. 3Ta pa3H0CTb npn6jiR3HTejibHO paBHa 25 mm. pTyTHaro CTOJioa, ecjin TepiviOMCTp-b no Been 

 CBoeS A-KHnfe (35 — 40 cm.) 6bijn> norpynceHt bt> a<HAK0CTb. HpnHHB'b K03#<j>BnieHTb BHEniHaro 

 AaBJienin = 0°0002, mm nojiyqnjin 6m nonpaBKy Ha AaBJieHie = — 0°005. TaK-b Kant OTcaeTM 

 oSbiKHOBeHHaro HopMajibHaro TepMOMeTpa npn Aaimon TeMnepaTypt h npn 0° ne npnBOAHTca kt> 

 OAHOMy n TOMy Hie BHfeuiHeMy AaBJieniio, to bt> nonpaBKH ero, BMBeAeHHbm mi* cjinqeda ero ct> 

 rjiaBHMMT) HopMajbHMM'b TepMOMeTpoai'b, BKjnoaeHa 6yAeTi n nonpaBKa Ha BaEnmee AaBJieHie 

 = — 0°005. SarEMt, noBipKa MeTeopojiornqecKnx'b TepMOMeTpoBi. nocpeACTBOM-b oSbiKHOBen- 

 Haro HopMajibHaro TepMOMeTpa npoH3BOAHTCH bt> TaKnx-b me BaHHax-b, bt> KaKnx-b 6mjio npon3- 

 BeAeHO cjinqeme ero ct> rjiaBHMM'b nopMajibHMM'b TepMOMerpoMi; crtAOBaTejibHO, TeMnepaTypbi 

 BaHHt onpeA'EJiflEOTca BEpao. CAnyerb em,e 3aiwBTHTb, ito npn noB'kpK'E MereopojiornqecKHXt 

 TepMOMeTpoBt KaatAbin pa3t bm-ecte ct> hhmh oTcqnTMBaeTca npn 0° h HopMajibHbin TepMO- 

 MeTpi). Ilpn OAHHaKOBMXij K09i><i>HnieHTax'L bheihhhto AaBJieHia y aopMajibHaro TepMOMeTpa 

 n y npoB'fepaeMMX'b TepMOMeTpoBi, KOJieSama AaBJieHia B03Ayxa BnpoAOJiHtenie noBtpKH ne 

 hmt>h)T'l HHKaKoro 3HaqeHifl AJia onpeA^JieHia nonpaBOKi. npoB'fepaeMbix'b TepMOMeTpoBT>, a npn 

 pa3JHqHbixT, K034>*HnieHTax , b BjiiaHie 3to 0Ka3MBaeTca BecbMa MajiMMi). H3TJ Bcero 3Toro 

 MoacHO 3aKJiioqHTb, aTO npeHe6peraa BJiianieMi AaBJieHia B03Ayxa n hchakocth na OTcaeTM KaKi> 

 HopMajibHaro TaKx n npoB r EpaeMbix r b TepMOMeTpoBi,, Mbi AonycKaeMTb bi onpeA'EJieHiax'b nonpa- 

 bok'b A-ia nocjitAHnxTb ohihSkh, eABa-Jin npeBbiuiaioni.ia 0°005. 



OTHOCHTejibHO onpeA'BieHHbix'b bt> HnKOJiaeBCKofi TjaBHon 4>H3HaecK0H OCcepBaTopin 

 nonpaBOK-b MeTeopojiorHqecKHx r b TepMOMeTpoBi>, no KOTopbiMt BeAyTca HaSjnoAeHia Ha rop- 

 hmxt. CTaHniaxi., saM-ETHM-b, a™ BCJitACTBie 3HaqHTejibH0 MeHbraaro AaBJieHia B03Ayxa Ha sthxt. 

 CTaHniaxT> Bci noKa3aHia TepMOMeTpoBt 6yAyTt ntcKOJibKO HOHHHteHbi, TaKt Hanp. Ha bmcote 

 2000 m. (cpeAHee AaBJieHie B03Ayxa = 600 mm.) okojio 0°03, ua HaaBbicmeii MeTeopojioraqe- 

 ckoh CTaHnin PoccificKOH HsinepiH, Ha naMapcKOMT, IlocTy (Bbicora = 3640 m., cpeAHee AaB- 

 JieHie = 490 mm.) okojio 0°05. ^aeHbia nonpaBKH no3TOMy cji-EAOBajio 6m Ha irtcKOJibKo coTbix'b 

 rpaAyca yBejinqHTb. Ho Tani. KaK-b TepMOMeTpbi oTcqHTbiBaiOTca jihuib bt> acchtmxi rpaAyca, 

 to BjiiauieMi) Ha OTcqeTM TepMOMeTpoBi> pa3H0CTH AaBJieHia B03Ayxa bt. C.-neTep6yprT> n Ha 

 ropuofi CTamijH mohcho npeHe6peqb. BnpoaeMi, onpeAtjieuieM-b BHOBb HyjieBOH ToaKH Tepno- 



