478 A.. Lindenkohl— Geology of the Sea-bottom 
river. The range of hills which traverses Long Island from 
the New York Narrows to Montauk Point has been recognized 
as a well developed glacial moraine, and Professor Cook has 
established its lateral connection with the New Jersey moraine 
by way of the southern part of Staten Island. Now if the 
contemporaneous existence of these two moraines could be 
proved, it would follow that the south end of Staten Island 
was the most advanced point of the glacier. Professor Cham- 
berlin has very recently (in a contribution to the Annual 
Report of the U. S. Geol. Survey, 1882-83) made the relative 
ages of these two glaciers the subject of a careful study. For 
our present purpose it will suffice to state that the Long Island 
moraine, by reason of its great boldness, which implies a 
period of powerful glacial action, bears a greater resemblance 
to the more northerly moraines of the interior than to the 
terminal moraine which stands as the extreme advance of a 
gradually receding glacial drift. This circumstance alone 
Sable. The apex (F) lies about ten miles southeast of Block 
Island, but a narrow strip of muddy bottom ean be traced still 
XT), “The mud or ooze had its origin probably in the Tertiary 
formation, of which we see only the remnants in the cliffs of 
Gay Head, and in a few localities of small extent on the coast 
of Massachusetts, as at Marshfield or elsewhere.” . i 
ilar sea bottom is found in the so-called mud holes off the 
entrance to New York. They are depressions below the gen: 
eral depth of the surrounding bottom, filled with mud. 
These expressions do not render it clear to me whether he con- 
sidered this mud to be sediment or true soil; bat judging by 
the uniformity and the magnitude of its range, since the greater 
part if not the whole of the mud in question is either clay oF 
corroded clay, we recognize in it the traces of a great 
