486 G. H. Williams—Cleawage in American Sphene. 
edge of a considerable deposit of peat in a depression some 
forty feet above the sea. e were informed by one well 
acquainted with the island that a pole thrust down into it 
shows the bed to be twenty feet thick. 
Remote from the sea, upon Naushon and the other islands, 
there are found large numbers of shells of both lamellibranch 
and gasteropod mollusks, often unbroken, and even the valves 
of the lamellibranchs not separated, the carapaces and at times 
whole crabs, shells of barnacles, etc., which are carried there 
by the birds, more particularly by the crow, as it is found that 
they depend largely upon these animals for their food. Doubt- 
less these animal remains are buried and preserved by the 
drifting sands, and this fact possibly should modify the views 
of those who would draw very sharp lines, upon the ground of 
fossils alone, between marine sedimentary and other deposits. 
iso ripple-marks made by the winds, and as perfect as are 
ever formed by the waters, were found covering considerable 
areas in the sands high above the sea. 
Art. LXIV.—Cause of the apparently perfect cleavage m 
American Sphene (Titanite); by Geo, H. WILLIAMS. 
MANY minerals, like diallage, bronzite, sanidine, etc., are 
known to possess a * parting” (German Absonderung) in certain 
rence Co., N. Y. It is here also due to the presence of twin- 
ning lamellee as in the case of salite. The same parting pro- 
facta of the 
* Zeitschrift fir Krystallographie, v, p. 495, 1881. 
