1832.] Abstract of the Contents of the Dul-va. 5 



occupied with miscellaneous matter. One subject is an account given 

 of the origin of the Sa'kya race by Mangalayana, at the desire of 

 Sa'kya, to the people of Kapila vastu ; and another the birth and 

 education of Sa'kya himself. 



Volume IV. continues the story of Sa'kya, especially the circum- 

 stances that led to his entering upon the life of an ascetic, and his subse- 

 quent proceedings. In this book, the Sdkyas are called inhabitants of 

 Kosald, a country bordering on the Kailds mountains, and descendants 

 of the Hindu king Ikshwaku. The birth place of Sakya is said to be 

 Kapila-vastu, near the Himalaya, on the banks of the Bhagirathi. 

 The latter pages illustrate what is considered to be the subject of the 

 whole book, the evils of causing schisms, by instances of the inveterate 

 hostility of L'has-kyim, the nephew of Sa'kya, towards his uncle. 



The fifth volume commences with the Prathnoksha Sutra, short 

 precepts for the securing of final felicity ; the sum of which is, that vice 

 is to be diligently avoided, virtue invariably practised, and the passions 

 be kept under entire subjugation. 



Then follows, and extends through the rest of this volume and the 

 three next, a code of laws for the monks, comprehending 253 rules. 

 Each of these arises in general from some improper conduct in a religi- 

 ous person, which forms a separate incident or tale. The matter comes to 

 Sa'ky a's knowledge,who sends for the culprit into the congregation,where 

 he is duly lectured. On his confession and penitence, he is pardoned, 

 and Sakya enacts the rule or law preventive of a like transgression. 



The ninth volume is of the same general character as the preceding 

 four ; but it is addressed to the female followers of Bud'dha, priestesses 

 or nuns, Gelong-md, or Bhikshuni : many of the rules and illustrations 

 are repeated from the foregoing volumes, and in the same terms. 



The tenth and eleventh volumes relate to matters and rules of minor 

 importance, such as that the monks shall not use vitrified brick as a 

 flesh-brush, nor fragrant unguents, nor rings, nor seal rings of the 

 precious metals, nor eat garlic, nor learn music or dancing. There are 

 also directions for the construction of Chaityas, and the deposit there- 

 in of reliques, as the hair, nails, &c. of Bud'dha, given by him to 

 various persons during his life. There are also some tales of a political or 

 historical character, especially the destruction of Kapila by the king 

 of Kosala, and the murder or expulsion of the Sdkyas, many of whom 

 are said to have fled to Nepal. The eleventh volume closes with an 

 account of the Nirvdn, or emancipation of Sa'kya in Kamrup, or 

 Western Assam. Eight cities contend for his remains, which are divided 

 amongst them, and deposited in chaityas or mausolea. 



