1832.] -to Civil Servants in Bengal 287 



ment of the College in England, and 19 for the average subsequently, or 

 for the general average 18 years would seem to be a fairer estimate; but 

 we Vill allow 19, for the convenience of assuming the same period 

 of life for our results, as the article in the Gleanings ; for as in the 

 above tables the first year is reckoned from the 1st January following 

 the appointment, we have then 20 years for the age of those whose risk 

 of life is computed for that year. In Tables III. and IV. I have 

 attempted a comparison of the value of life in India, from the age of 20 

 to 50, as afforded by the above tables for the Civil Service on one hand, 

 and as given in the most approved tables for the same age in Europe on 

 the other. 



It will be seen, that for the value of life in Europe, I have taken the 

 general mean prepared by Dr. Young, by compounding the North- 

 ampton and Carlisle tables with the London Bills of Mortality, and 

 with the rates of the Equitable Life Insurance. This I believe to be the 

 latest estimate of the kind that has been published. It will be found in 

 the volume of the Philosophical Transactions for 1826, and Dr. Young's 

 celebrity as a calculator entitles it to be received as of first rate authority. 



In Table III. in which the annual deaths are given as they occurred, 

 with the ratio calculated to a decimal proportion for each year, there 

 will be found an average of the same decimal ratio for each five years of 

 the period embraced in the calculation. In order to afford the means of 

 ready comparison, I have also computed the ratio of deaths to the an- 

 nual survivors, as given in the table in the Gleanings, and in Dr. 

 Young's table of the decrement of life, and have reduced both to a de- 

 cimal proportion to 10,000. It will be seen, that my result is for the 

 first five years of residence in India, commencing at the age of 20, a 

 risk for each year of 203 in 10,000. The tables of Europe make the 

 risk at the same period of life only 96f in 10,000, while the table in the 

 Gleanings, professing to be based on the same materials with my own, 

 but calculating from the number of survivors upon a total of appoint- 

 ments, from which retirements have been deducted, gives 128. There 

 are errors in the number of deaths, which account for much of this 

 latter difference ; for if a due number of deaths had been taken for the 

 first two years, there is no reason why in this part of the table there 

 should be much variation. The result of the comparison with England 

 is, that the chance of death between the ages of 20 and 25 is to Europeans 

 residing in India under the most favorable circumstances, more than 

 double what it is in England ; and this may well be imagined to be the 

 case under the risks from Fever and exposure to the climate 3 indepen- 

 dently of other causes. 



o 



